The Study Of Yam (Dioscorea) Germplasm Resources And Genetic Diversity

Yam (Liliales, Dioscoreaceae, Dioscorea, Sect.Enantiophyton Uline) is annual or perennial twisted herbal liana. It’s alias still were common yam and rhiizoma dioscoreae, etc. The hypertrophic tubers underground were exquisite and flavorful. It was one kind of tradirional Chinese medicinal. There were many studies about yam genetic diversity both in domestic and in international up to now. However, most of studies focused on just one or two aspects of yam genetic diversity rather than do comprehensive analysis based on agronomic characteristic, chromosomes and molecular level together. In this study30yam (Dioscorea) meterials were studied.27different Chinses yam (D.opposita Thunb.) materials and2lisbon yam (D.alata L.) and1wild yam (D.Doryophora Hance,) were investigated focus on agronomic characteristics and detected the cell chromosome number and analyzed the relationship by ISSR molecular markers to study the germplasm resourses and genetic diversity of the all materails. The main research results as followed:1. The statistics by DPS analysis of30yam meterials showed based on13morphological characters index:three morphological index including leaf shape, tuber length and tuber circumference could be used as yam morphological criteria for the classification. These13morphological traits index were mutual independence and each of them played an important role for the evolution of yam.2. According to the effects of the introduction yam from different provinces in domestic, it was showed that the key factor that affecting the yam production were as following growth period, photoperiod and temperature. The results would provide value for introduction of yam among different places later.3. The method of detection yam chromosome number was offered. Primitive pictures of25yam materials chromosomes were showed by this method. It was preliminary that yam chromosome number range and ploidy. There was larger variation between different yam materials.4. The clustering figure of30yam materials was build by (?)SSR-PCR molecular marker. These30yam materials were divided into three groups:the wild yam. Lisbon yam and common yam when the different coefficient was0.6701. The classification method was put forward according to different levels. 5. ISSR primers were screened out and most of the primers repeated with AC sequence. Some of suggestions would be put foeward for yam molecular study.