| Fatty acid desaturase was considered as the key enzyme in the biosynthesis of long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids. The fatty acid desaturase gene family was containing FADS1, FADS2and FADS3three members. Fatty acid desaturase plays an important role in maintain the membrane structure, fatty acids absorption, transportation and metabolism, and biological function.In this research, Erlang Mountainous chickens were used. We studied the effects of age, sex and housing systems on fatty acids content of breast muscle. Results showed that age influenced y-linoleic acid (C18:3n-6), arachidonic acid (C20:4), eicosapentaenoic acid (C20:5) and oleic acid (C18:1) content (P<0.05). The docosahexaenoic (C22:6n-3) n-3fatty acid was significantly higher in male than in female (P<0.01). Housing systems influenced arachidonic acid (C20:4), eicosapentaenoic acid (C20:5) and docosahexaenoic (C22:6n-3) content (P<0.01). The lowest content of these fatty acids were in outdoor access. However, we did not observe significant difference among housing systems in other fatty acid content. The interaction of age and sex, age and housing systems, sex and housing systems, age and sex and housing systems were affected the composition of fatty acid.In this research, we adopted real-time RT-qPCR (SYBR green I) method to evaluate the expression of FADS1and FADS2mRNA in chicken. Seven tissues including liver, brain, breast muscle, leg muscle, subcutaneous fat, abdominal fat and gonad were tested. All of these tissues were sampled from the chicken at1,14,28,42,56,70and91day old. We tested the expression quantity of FADS1and FADS2gene in different tissues at certain growth point, under different housing systems, that in different growth points at certain tissue and had correlation analysis of these relative quantities and traits in Erlang Mountainous chicken. The results indicated that FADS1and FADS2gene expression in all tissues at all growth points, the liver and brain were advantageous tissues for gene expression at each growth point. The results showed the expression level of FADS1and FADS2gene were significantly affected by the age, sex and housing systems. For FADS1gene, the expression level in liver, leg muscle, subcutaneous fat, abdominal fat, and gonad were significantly affected by housing systems (P<0.05). For FADS2gene, the expression level in liver, leg muscle and gonad were very significantly affected by housing systems (P <0.01), and the expression content in subcutaneous fat and abdominal fat were significantly affected by housing systems (P<0.05). However, there was no significant difference among different housing systems in other tissue (P>0.05). The interaction of age and sex, age and housing systems, sex and housing systems, age and sex and housing systems had effects on the expression of FADS7and FADS2gene in tissues.The results also indicated that the FADS1and FADS2gene expression quantity in breast muscle was positively related with the fatty acid content of C20:4(P<0.05), and the FADS2gene expression quantity in breast muscle was positively related with the fatty acid content of C20:5(P<0.05). The FADS1gene expression quantity in breast muscle was positively related with the content of cholesterol (P<0.05). The FADS1gene expression quantity in liver was negatively related with the content of insulin (P<0.05). The FADS1gene expression quantity in gonad was positively related with the content of HDL (P<0.01). The FADS1gene expression quantity in breast muscle and gonad was negatively related with the content of HDL (P<0.05). The FADS2gene expression quantity in abdominal fat was negatively related with the content of HDL and LDL (P<0.05). But, the gene expression quantity was not related with the other traits (P>0.05). It was concluded that the different housing systems were affected the expression quantity of FADS1and FADS2gene, and then affected the synthesis of fatty acids, finally, the different housing systems were affected the meat flavor of chicken. |
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