| With the integration of urban and rural areas as a whole development of and rural labor transfer, there needs a high yield cultivation technology more and more, the simplified and less no-tillage technology, in Sichuan rape production. Because the rapes was planted in mountains, hills and plains, it is necessary to study the sowing, planting density and ecological conditions in different regions, influencing on the live rape yield and quality, to form an efficient cultivation technology of regional characteristics.Therefore, the paper used "the same year, different sowing dates"(Qionglai, Shehong County, Yucheng) and the split-plot experimental design. With three seedtime primarily area (D1:September20or so, D2:on October5or so, D3:October20or so) and four planting density as deputy district (Ml:150000plants/hm2,M2:300000plants/hm2,M3:450000plants/hm2, M4:600000plants/hm2), it studies the different planting season and planting density as well as the meteorological ecological conditions on the live rape agronomic yield and quality, the main research results are as follows:1. Planting and density on the rape agronomic characters in three biota has a similar law, such as plant height, leaf area, number of effective branches and the main stem base with thick, has a gradually decreasing trend with planting density and delay increases. The influence of sowing is the biggest one, followed by density, sowing and density interaction with minimal impact. Rape a branch with the sowing time delay is significantly decreased, but along with the increase of planting density it is rising, and the density on the first branch parts has the biggest influence.The sowing period is the second one, and sowing time and density interaction is the minimum.2. Sowing date and density have a major impact on the plant dry matter weight and population biomass. With the sowing date postponed, seedling, flowering and maturity of plant dry weight and population biomass reduced significantly or significantly; In maturity, plant dry matter weight with the density increase has a downward trend, and population biomass increased with the density changes without apparent regularity. Broadcast time is the biggest influence on live rape monoclonal and groups of dry weight, followed by density, sowing date and density interactions affect minimum. Mature rape the main stem, branches and angle nutshell share per plant ratio (%) reduced with delayed sowing and the grain share of monoclonal ratio (%) increased with the sowing date postponed. Branches, grain and angle the nutshell share of monoclonal proportion (%) decreases with the density increase, while the main stem of the share per plant ratio (%) increases with the density increase.3. Sowing date and density have a major impact on grain yield. Live canola grain yield decreased with sowing date postponed in three pilot sites. In Ya’an point, the grain yield increased with density increases; while the Shehong and Qionglai there are no significant difference in different planting density of grain yield. Pod number per plant increased with sowing date postponed, the density increase showed a significant decreasing trend. Seeding date has a biggest influence on live rapeseed grain yield and pod number, followed by the density, sowing date and density affect the minimum. The impact of sowing date and density of grains per pod and grain weight was not significant. Under the conditions of the different ecological zones, the grain yield is the highest output of early sowing and low-density treatment. Ya’an point D1M2the highest (3142.90kg/hm2), the Shehong point D1M1highest (2962.74kg/hm2) the Qionglai point highest D1M1(3601.80kg/hm2), with delayed sowing, and increase the yield advantage of planting density is gradually emerging.4.Rapeseed oil content (%) increased with sowing date postponed and has a downward trend with the density increase. Protein content (%), oleic acid content (%) and linoleic acid content (%) decreased with sowing date postponed and increased with density. Linolenic acid content (%) has a increasing trend with sowing date postponed and the density increase. The quality difference was not significant in different sowing dates and density.5.Due to differences in light, temperature, precipitation and other meteorological factors,it has a certain extent on dry matter accumulation, grain yield and quality.It showed a positive correlation that rape the whole growth period of the total accumulation temperature, total rainfall, total sunshine duration, highest temperature and lowest temperature on biomass and grain yield.Positively related to grain yield and flowering to maturity stage of the total sunshine duration. And the total accumulation temperature, total rainfall and lowest temperature was a significant negative correlation.Oil content (%) and protein content (%) associated with the various stages of meteorological factors was not significant, Linoleic acid content (%), and the whole growth period relative humidity was significantly positively correlated. Linolenic acid content (%) and emergence from flowering stage, the relative humidity of flowering to maturity stage was significantly positively correlated. Linoleic acid content (%) and linolenic acid content (%) and temperature difference was highly significant positive correlation.Above all, the size of the oilseed rape yield potential under conditions of different ecological factors of the test site performance for Qionglai point relatively the highest, followed by shehong point, the Ya’an point lowest. In the same ecological zone, sowing date and density processing agronomic traits, dry matter accumulation and yield formation have an important effect, and sowing date as the biggest influence, density as the second one, followed by sowing date and density interactions as the smallest one.Sowing date and density treatment and ecological conditions on seed quality had no significant effects. Therefore, suitable for early sowing under different ecological zones have to increase the yield, particular point in the Mountain Areas Ya’an. There were no significant differences in grain yield due to different sowing date and density in Qionglai points and Shehong point. Therefore, by delaying the sowing date and increase the density of planting to build the structure of the large group to obtain higher yields.In addition, lately live the high-density plant individual traits are more conducive to rape mechanization combine harvester.Thus the high density of late live is one of the ways of the province Pingba hills rape light simple and efficient cultivation. |
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