Study On The Effect Mechanism Of Several Control Measures For Longan Flowering Reversion In Luzhou

In this study, with "Lu Feng one" which is main cultured Longan varieties in Lu zhou as the research object, we carried out three control measures to prevent flowering reversion, carried on variation research of hormones, carbon and nitrogen nutrient content and related key enzymes activity in leaves and terminal bud of Longan florescence branches, analysised the mechanism influence flowering reversion and interaction between hormone and carbon-nitrogen metabolism by synthesis, screened the key enzyme of carbon-nitrogen metabolism on influencing flowering reversion, and explored effective control measures preventing Longan flowering reversion in Luzhou areant through comparing the preventing effect of the different control measures, being aimed at providing scientific theory for Longan production. The results show that:1. Three treatments that were spraying mixed liquor consisted of150.00mg/L mutli-effect triazole and150.00mg/L or100.00mg/L ethephon and1.0mg/L6-benzylaminopurine evenly in the crown, and root pruning with coating the earth, extended greatly the inflorescence spindle differentiation stage, and extended respectively4d,3d,3d compared with CK.2. The control measures of ethylene regulator combination with appropriate concentration (150mg/L and100mg/L) could improve the number of trees female flowers, female flowers rate and fruit-bearing rate of trees, among that the female flowers rate improved respectively by32.57%and38.22%than CK,the tip-blunting rate of each treatment was significantly lower than CK, and the tip-blunting rate (18.58%) of treatment B (100mg/L ethylene regulator combination) was minimum, which was34.18%lower than CK, and the growth rate of bud axis and tip-blunting rate have significant positive correlation. The different treatments improved the flowering and fruit-bearing status of Longan body in different degree, inhibited flowering reversion occurring effectively, and the effect of the treatment spraying mixed liquor consisted of150.00mg/L mutli-effect triazole an100.00mg/L ethephon and1.0mg/L6-benzylaminopurine evenly in the crown most excellent, the root pruning with coating the earth was second. 3. After implementing treatments which were to prevent tips from blunting, in the Longan body, total soluble sugar content increased, starch content decreased in inflorescence spindle differentiation stage firstly and then rose in multilevel side inflorescence rapidly-differentiation stage, sucrose content reduced in purple inflorescence primordia appearing-period, free amino acids content increased after the first decline, except soluble protein content of treatment B (100mg/L ethylene regulator combination) ecreased significantly within two weeks after treatment and then rose, the other treatments’ continued to rise, the carbon content improved obviously, besides that total nitrogen content of the treatment A, B (150mg/L,100mg/L ethylene regulator combination) increased significantly in mid-term of the inflorescence spindle differentiation and decreased following, the other treatments and CK had little difference, the ratio of carbon and nitrogen improved on the whole.4. The different influence of the treatments on the carbon and nitrogen metabolism related enzyme was differ, on the whole after treating, in leaves the enzyme activity of SS decomposition direction, SS synthesis direction, AI, NI and AMS increased in inflorescence spindle differentiation stage, the activity of SPS increased before purple inflorescence primordia appearing-period, the activity of SS decomposition direction improved in the multilevel side inflorescence rapidly-differentiation stage; in terminal buds the activity of SS decomposition direction and SS synthesis direction decreased, but the activity of SPS increased, the activity of AI and NI increased in the multilevel side inflorescence rapidly-differentiation stage and then decreased, the activity of AMS increased obviously in inflorescence spindle differentiation stage, the activity of GS increased in leaves and terminal buds.5. By analysing the correlation of the carbonitride and the related enzymes in leaves of florescence branches, in the form of differentiation of generations, obtained a result, which played a key role in morphological differentiation were SS decomposition direction, SPS and GS.6. After the test treatment, in leaves of florescence branches the GA3content, ABA content relatively-reduced and relatively-improved respectively in morphological differentiation; And for the hormone in terminal buds, GA3content and ABA content were higher and lower in the spindle differentiation stage and in multilevel side inflorescence rapidly-differentiation stage, ZT level were lower in the entire morphological differentiation, that’s good for preventing longan flower from reversing and promoting longan bud differentiating. The change of IAA content affected was complex, and it’s regularity was not strong.In leaves of florescence branches, the ratio of ZT/GA3, GA3/ABA was larger, the ratio of IAA/GA3was smaller in the spindle differentiation stage, the ratio of ZT/ABA was bigger before purple inflorescence primordia appearing-period, and the ratio of IAA/GA3was bigger in multilevel side inflorescence rapidly-differentiation stage, that could improve the blooming rate and reduce tip-blunting rate; in terminal buds the ratio of IAA/GA3, ZT/GA3was lower and higher in the spindle differentiation earlier-stage and final-stage, and the ratio of GA3/ABA, ZT/ABA was lower in morphological differentiation, which were beneficial to longan flowering.7. The result of analyzing the correlation of the hormone proportion and carbon andnitrogen metabolism related enzymes in leaves of florescence branches in morphology differentiation stage showed that, SS decomposition, AI and ABA were significant positive correlation; NI and GA3, ZT/ABA were significant, very significant negative correlation, while with IAA, ZT were very significant positive correlation; AMS and ZT, GA3/ABA were significant, very significant negative correlation; GS and ZT, ABA, IAA/GA3were very significant positive correlation.