Population Quality And Yield Of WanMai68under Different Tillage Pattern, Different Sowing Method And Straw Return Field

On the basis of predecessors’ research that wheat yield and soil properties effects of straw return field, tillage pattern and sowing method, I studied the effects of different sowing methods as well as tillage pattern on WanMai68group quality and yield through filed experiment. The results show as follows:1. Effects of different sowing method and straw return field on seedling of WanMai68The results showed that straw return field depressed wheat seedling rate under the condition of inadequate water in field. Comparing with straw non-return field, the discrepancy is quite more outstanding. The influence’s performance of different tillage patterns on wheat seedling rate in the field should be: rotary cultivation> rotary cultivation suppression> plowing repression and their seedling rate would be77.33%,73.47%,65.55%. The rate of machine seeding is obviously faster than that of broadcast sowing.2. Effects of different sowing method and straw return field on WanMai68population qualityTillage pattern, planting methods, straw return field played a significant regulatory role on population quality of WanMai68. And the interaction of tillage and straw both affect each other obviously. The straw return field helped to increase secondary root strip number of wheat plants before winter, the green leaf number, main stem leaf age, tiller number and other morphological indexes and to make wheat sound seedlings survive in winter. Of which, SPCL mature tillers reach7,058,300/hm~2, spike rate was57.31%, dry matter accumulation was24905.04kg/hm~2, leaf area before flowering index was up to6.40. Group structure more coordinated, integrated traits is better than other treatments, and rate of leaf area index slow decay in the late of wheat growth, function to maintain a longer period.3. Effects of different sowing method and straw return field on WanMai68flag leaf decayingThis research showed that straw return field can effectively increase SOD activity maximum value in flag leaves after flowering, as well in the filling stage reducing SOD activity in flag leaf decreased speed. Straw return field handled flag leaf SOD activity10-30unit/g FW higher than non straw return field. In addition, Straw return field also reduced flag leaf MDA accumulation, thus preventing premature aging, prolonged grain formation and improve the grain after anthesis contribution of dry matter. If it combined plowing repression, the results of promoting SOD activity in flag leaf straw and decreasing MDA accumulation would be great. So the straw must coordinate reasonable farming methods to postpone decay to the full extent.4. Effects of different sowing method and straw return field effects on WanMai68photosynthetic capacityStraw return field and tillage methods on sowing Wanmai68had significant effects on photosynthetic capacity, improved straw Wanmai68net photosynthetic rate, stomata conductance and transpiration rate, lowered intercellular CO2concentration among the flag leaf of Wanmai68. Conditions in the straw return field, effect on improving the photosynthetic capacity of Wanmai68flag leaf by plowing was more significant than rotary treatment.In the heading and filling stage, different Tillage patterns effects on chlorophyll content of Wanmai68flag leaf were showed plowing repression> rotary repression> Rotary. In same tillage condition, SPAD chlorophyll value while straw return field treatment was higher than that without straw return field. And SPAD chlorophyll value treated by machine seeding was also higher than broadcast sowing.5. Effects of different sowing method and straw return field on WanMai68lodging resistanceThe results showed that straw return field can significantly reduce the length between the base of the section I and section II, and basal stem diameter, stem wall thickness and the filling degree of section II increased significantly, thereby increasing resistance to stem lodging capacity. Reasonable tillage patterns also affected plant lodging resistance. Plowing and repression treatment can significantly improve basal plant morphology and lodging resistance of wheat. Broadcast mainly improved wheat lodging resistance by reducing the plant height.6. Effects of different sowing method and straw return field on WanMai68yield and yield componentsDifferent tillage systems had great influence on yield and yield components. The specific performance was that plowing and repression was significantly higher than other treatments, followed by the rotary, and rotary repression, their difference was not significant. This meaned the subsoiling was better to meet the needs of wheat root growth, so as to establish a reasonable population structure of wheat basis, and ultimately form high yield. By the same tillage pattern, spike, grain number, grain weight were increased accordingly while straw return field treatment rather than without straw handling. However, there was no corresponding increase in final yield. After investigating the incidence of pest and disease in each treatment field, we can see, in the filling stage of wheat, straw treatment without straw to field than dealing with pests in straw return field was more serious than without straw, so resulting in reduction of output.7. Effects of different sowing methods and straw return field on WanMai68soil respirationStraw return field raised the maximum value of soil respiration rate. Temperature, which may be one of reasons that soil respiration rate in mature period higher than booting stage, is the key limiting factor of soil respiration. From booting to maturity, the soil temperature was gradually increased with the reproductive process. Otherwise with the temperature increasing, growth process forwarding and straw constantly degradation, soil content was constantly increasing, so as to prompt further increase in soil respiration rate.Integrated sowing method and straw return field effect on WanMai68indicators, straw return field with plowing repression were much better to dispose group structure. They delayed WanMai68flag leaf’s senescence during filling period and improved photosynthesistic rate while its flowering stage and ultimately yield highly. Meanwhile seed population quality also exceeded of other treatments, so it should be a more tillage pattern in the north of Anhui.