Effects Of Acid Rain On The Growth, Yield And Quality Of Soybean

Acid rain as one of the important world’s environment issue suffered more and moreconcern。In the situation of large agricultural nation concerned, acid rain on the dangers ofthe ecological system of agriculture has been attention, acid rain can influence crop growth,yield and quality. This paper take food and oil crops soybeans as（anhui beans13） researchobject. In the Culture pot experiment and was cooperated with acid rain way three fields ofsoybeans have been sprayed different acidity of simulated acid rain which were pH2.4,4.0and5.6（CK）.the effect of simulated acid rain on the growth,yield and quality of soybean inconjunction with their mechanisms and change trend so as to provide scientific basises forpreventing and controlling the damage to crops from the disaster.The results showed asfollows:1. Simulated acid rain stress had considerable effect on the soybean growth anddevelopment in such away that the plant height was obviously shorten in each growthstage.Compared with CK, T₁and T₂plant height reduced by4.48%and6.51%respectivelyin seed-filling stage; soybean yield per plant green leaves of grain number, decrease by9.48%and12.93%respectively, leaf area yield by3.88%and6.31%, soybean petiolelength was reduced by8.76%and15.33%, all is were:CK> T₁> T₂.2. With the decrease of the acid rain pH value, acid rain on the soybean leafdevelopment net photosynthetic rate of the stronger inhibition, compared with CK, netphotosynthetic rate reduced by6.26%and19.72%respectively in seed-filling stage in T₁and T₂; soybean chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and the chlorophyll reduced drastically underthe acid stress, especially chlorophyll a decreased by10.26%and15.79%respectively inT₁and T₂; Total chlorophyll synchronous decrease by9.65%and14.69%; Netphotosynthetic rate, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, chlorophyll total amount and thechlorophyll a/b were:CK>T₁>T₂.3. yield analysis indicates that with increased of acidity，soybean yield componentsreduced drastically, the concrete expression of the soybean pod number for T₁and T₂treatments were reduced by13.88%and25.20%; Bunches of pod grains dropped27.51%and32.41%;100-grain weight reduction of5.97%and15.99%, yield per plant fell by13.14%and21.94%respectively; Yield components were CK> T₁> T₂.4. Quality characteristics analysis results showed that with increased of acidity,soybean grain protein content reduced gradually,soybean grain protein content decreased by5.95%and13.09%respectively in T1and T₂; However,fat content no obviously changedas acid rain acidity become stronger.With the increased of acidity, the amino acid contents and amino acid components insoybean also changed.the Methionine content of an upward trend with decreasing pH valueof acid rain;With the increased of acidity,the content of Valine, Leucine, Phenylalanine,Tryptophan, Essential amino acids, Amino acid total amount were gradually decline; Thecontent of Isoleucine, Threonine and Iysine elements no obviously changed. With theincrease of the acid rain acidity, soybean grain nutrition elements there are also differentchange trend.The content of Fe, Cu in soybean was a rising trend, and the growth of Cucontent is obvious, different with increase of20.00%³5.32%; The content of Ca, K, Znin Soybean declined, the content of Ca decreased by9.67%¹3.17%in differentcondition, the content of K decreased by7.98%²1.82%, and The content of Zn contentdecreased by8.79%¹8.2%; With the increase of the acid rain acidity,the content of Mgand Na elements no obviously changed.