| Humus-mineral compound is one of the main ways of soil matter and energy exchange. So the grouping complexes have important practical and theoretical significance in the plant nutrition and restoration and increase the soil fertility. Various chemical elements in soil move in the form of complexes, and influence of biological chemical process. It also can protect the pollution of soil environmental and ecological environment by pesticides, radioactive elements and heavy metal pollutants. In this paper, the humus-mineral compound subdivided into simple hydrolysis of humus-mineral compound salt, water insoluble organic inorganic fertilizer fit, organic and inorganic compound, etc. Humus in soil combined with metal ions, especially heavy metal ion into low water-soluble organic inorganic compound, and reduce the effectiveness of the heavy metal, then humus prevent the harm of heavy metal ions that go into the plants, animals and human body through the food chain, and provide the guarantee of food safety. Soil samples collected from natural grassland, Tianshan mountain soil on the mountain west prairie chernozem. In the research, determine the sampling area through the GPS positioning system, choose a few representative plot, plot for every1m2, in every plot take several soil samples with shovel down from0to20, on20to40and40to60cm levels according to level with four points after take2kg mixed soil samples, take back the soil samples in the laboratory to dry grinding1mm screen with a sieve.In This study, the modified methods of B.B.Пономарёва and A.Плотникова were used to measure the soil humus complexes, different states of organic carbon in complexes were measured by Qiu Lin method. In detail, the free weak bounded humus was extracted with0.1mol/L NaOH. the stable bounded humus was extracted by0.1mol/L NaOH liquid after decalcification. The tightly combined humus after decalcification was extracted by0.02mol/L of NaOH solution. In Result, Yili steppe chernozem humus was divided into eight groups, humic acid was divided into three groups, fulvic acid was divided into four groups and humin, etc. The main purpose of exploration of these factors is to contribute a role of components in soil nutrient and protection of the soil ecological environment. The detailed results areas follows:1、The total organic carbon of typical steppe chernozem ranges44.21-71.08g/kg. humic acid content ranges8.09-44.63g/kg, and fulvic acid ranges10.35-36.72g/kg. Humus mineral complexes mainly were Clay minerals, as tightly bounded with humic acids accounted for75.13～85.14%, the tight bounded with fulvic acids accounted for33.92%～38.48%. Humic acid and fulvic acids decreased by the deepening of soil depth, as45.54,27.36,19.90,32.71,26.25and13.85g/kg. There were significant difference between the total organic carbon and different humic groups in different altitude and their section. And the type of humic acids was fulvic-humic type, as HA/HF>1.2、According to the experimental results, the stability constants of steppe chernozem HA-Ca2+complexes at pH5.5are5.67～7.2, at pH6.5are5.77～8.87, at pH7.5are7.31～14.06; The stability constants of Chernozem HA-Fe2+complexes are5.74～8.25at pH5.5;6.30～8.86at pH6.5,7.63～10.77at pH7.5.3、The optical density of loose combined humic acid, stable combined humic acid and tight combined humic acid increases with the deepening of the soil depth, the ratio are2.25～2.28,1.69～5.03,4.16～4.94, respectively.4、The Infrared Spectroscopy test of typical steppe chernozem showed that the IR spectra of the main absorption bands of humic acids are3400,2925,1720,1620,1450,1400,1230cm-1.The humic acids have2000-3700cm-1absorption peak in0-20,20-40and40-60cm layers, accounted for30-45%of total peak number. This indicates that there are free hydroxy,hydrated hydroxy, hydrogen bonding hydroxyl,the Gima Figure the eyebrow Lang acid, aromatic C=C and aliphatic alkanes、C=C、CH-、CH2-、CH3-、flexible and-0-CH35, the liquid HA and FA, solid humic substances (including HA) and in situ soil were studied by NMR spectroscopy. The NMR results showed that:In the0-20cm layer, the sublevel chemical shifts (g·kg-1) is mainly concentrated on about0.3-3.0, accounting for70%of the total functional group, mainly in the fat group chain proton is directly related to the C=O main complex ether, COOR base.between3.3to5.0:the proton on the carbon connected with oxygen (HCO,methoxy, amine, trace water) and aromatic functional groups accounted for30%of the total. Levels:20-40cm chemical shift (g.kg-1) in60%of the total functional groups in the0.3-3.0tube group, about40%of functional groups between3.3to5.0;40-60cm level chemical displacement(g·kg-1) Between0.3-3.0of the tube can group accounted for60%, Between3.3to5.0, accounting for40%of aromatic functional groups. |
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