Balanced Fertilization Of Burley Tobacco In Different Ecological Districts Of Dazhou

Ecological environment and NPK Nutrition are the important factors which affect the growth and development, quality potential and unique style of burley tobacco.In all environmental factors, altitude differences have significant direct impact on the formation of burley tobacco,s production and quality for it can make the solar radiation, effective accumulated temperature, diurnal temperature, rainfall and other environmental climatic factors significantly different in the tobacco-planting regions.In this study, NO.2Dazhou Burley was selected as the experimental material. Nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium ratio of orthogonal rotation combination experiment were arranged in three different altitudes (600m,800m,1000m) under Dazhou ecological conditions in Sichuan province in order to explore the quantitative relationship between fertilizer properties,production,output value, the proportion of upper tobacco, chemical quality with the rate of NPK fertilizer in different altitudes.The results were fitted by computer to get the optimum amount of fertilizer.The main results are as follows:(l)In Low altitude areas, the optimal fertilization range for the purpose to improve the production of burley were as follows:N16.66～16.77kg/667m2, P2O514.41～14.45kg/667m2, K2O34.98～39.41kg/667m2; the optimal fertilization range for improving the proportion of upper tobacco were as follows:N16.66-16.77kg/667m2, P2O511.67～11.87kg/667m2, K2O34.98～39.41kg/667m2; the optimal fertilization range for improving the Chemical composition of available index (CCUI) of burley tobacco were as follows:N9.04-12.38kg/667m2, P2O58.60～12.20kg/667m2,K2O23.15～31.54kg/667m2; the optimal fertilization range for making tobacco nicotine content in a suitable range were as follows:N14.03～16.33kg/667m2, P2O59.05～11.75kg/667m2,K2O22.58～23.31kg/667m2.(2) In midium altitude areas, the optimal fertilization range for the purpose to improve the production of burley were as follows:N18.15kg/667m2,P2O58.50～12.30kg/667m2,K2O31.78～36.75kg/667m2;the optimal fertilization range for improving the proportion of upper tobacco were as follows:N14.44～16.07 kg/667m2,P2O58.50～12.30kg/667m2,K2O31.78～36.75kg/667m2;the optimal fertilization range for improving the Chemical composition of available index (CCUI) of burley tobacco were as follows:N13.00kg/667m2,P2O58.12～12.68kg/667m2,K2O22.32～34.88kg/667m2; the optimal fertilization range for making tobacco nicotine content in a suitable range were as follows:N16.51～18.29kg/667m2,P2O511.56～11.63kg/667m2,K2O24.08～30.36kg/667m2.(3) In high altitude areas, the optimal fertilization range for the purpose to improve the production of burley were as follows:N16.15～16.99kg/667m2,11.19～12.34kg/667m2,K2O32.38～34.31kg/667m2;the optimal fertilization range for improving the proportion of upper tobacco were as follows:N16.15～16.99kg/667m2,P2O510.05～10.09kg/667m2,K2O32.38～34.31kg/667m2;the optimal fertilization range for improving the Chemical composition of available index (CCUI) of burley tobacco were as follows:N16.43～17.26kg/667m2,P2O57.60～10.00kg/667m2,K2O20.91～27.49kg/667m2; the optimal fertilization range for making tobacco nicotine content in a suitable range were as follows:N14.75～16.11kg/667m2,P2O57.78～9.82kg/667m2,K2O22.60～26.57kg/667m2.(4) The growth status in rosette stage were mainly affected by phosphate fertilizer.The effect of potash fertilizer gradually emerged in bud stage while the phosphorus had gradually weakened.The agronomic traits of burley in three growth stages were all affected significantly by nitrogen fertilizer. Therefore, the application ratio of nitrogen in the basal and top dressing shoule be specificated in fertilization. Phosphate fertilizer should be fertilized in the basal and potash fertilizer should be appropriatly fertilized after the shift.(5) Nitrogen is to determine the primary factor of burley production in the upper tobacco leaves, as well as output. Potash greater impact on the output value, also have some impact on the yield andthe proportion of superior tobacco. Phosphate economic shape difference in the elevations.Nitrogen,phosphorus and potash fertilizer there is a certain appropriate range,adversely affect more than this range will be Burley’s economic shape. (6) NPK are the main factors affect the chemical quality of burley tobacco. Increasing nitrogen application can effectively improve the tobacco nicotine, total nitrogen and reduce the redusing sugar, total sugar, nitrogen base ratio, and also improve the potassium content in a certain application. Increasing phosphorus application can improve the total nitrogen, nitrogen base ratio, potassium content in a certain application and reduce total sugar content. But there was poor correlation with nicotine, reducing sugar. Increasing potassium application can effectively improve the reducing sugar, total sugar, potassium content and reduce the total nitrogen, and also reduce nicotine and nitrogen base ratio within a certain application.(7) To achieve the best for the economic traits and chemical quality of the burley tobacco, nitrogen fertilizer should be increased with altitude rising,potassium application rate should be increased with aotitude rising only in medium and low altitude areas.In high altitude area,reducement of potassium application rate can also get better results.