Effects Of The Water-retaining Agent On Ggrowing Development And Evapotranspiration Of Spring Corn And Soybean

Heilongjiang province is the national important grain-produced base, and mainly relies onnatural rainfall in the dry field of agricultural production. Because of limited rainfall andnon-uniform distribution during the year and annual, effective utilization rate from crop to rainfallis low, water demand of crop living often deficient, and the production volatility is high. In orderto overcome the negative impact of the lack of water on agriculture to improve water useefficiency and promote the agricultural production, it needs to push forward the development ofwater savings technology in agriculture.At present, water-retaining agent has advantage of easy touse and lower cost, so it’s a new method of water saving and increasing production.The paper studys the influence of water-retaining agent on crop growth andevapotranspiration under natural rainfall conditions combining with the characteristics of rain-fedagriculture of the dry farming region in Heilongjiang province. The experiment research bases onthe field experiment and the main crops-corn and spring soybean in Heilongjiang province wereselected as experimental crop under imposing different dosage of water-retaining agent on crop. Itstudies the change law of the field soil moisture, the morphological index of the crop, waterconsumption, crop production and evapotranspiration. Comprehensive contrast analysis the testresults, find the optimum amount of water retention agent dosage on the crop growth, provide areference basis for our province in the dry farming region about efficient use of natural rainfall andincreasing crop yields under rain-fed conditions.Through the experimental study, the following conclusions:1. Water-retaining agent could increase surface soil water content effectively, and byincreasing the quantity of water-retaining agent, the more obvious effects. Along with the growthperiod, water-retaining agent would promote the increasing deep soil water content. It because thatthe water-retaining agent has strong water absorption. It helps improve adsorptive capacity fromsoil to moisture, and stop evaporation of surface soil moisture, and reduce infiltration frommoisture to deep soil, so that the water storage of soil will increase, and offer a beneficial waterenvironment for crop growth.2. Water-retaining agent could improve the spring maize and soybean plant height, leaf area,leaf number and morphology index value, but no significant effect of the crop. On the contrary, has a great influence on growth characters and yield of water-retaining agent on corn, corn grainnumber per spike,100-seed weight,1000-grain weight, yield compared with the control groupincreased significantly, but the increment is not with the proportional to the dosage ofwater-retaining agent. On spring maize, the best dosage of water-retaining agent is1g per strain.Water-retaining agent could improve soil structure, increase the accumulation of dry matter indifferent growth stages, and promote the transformation of the late dry matter to grain through“water and nutrient retention” and increase crop yield.3. Water retention agent more and spring corn’s water consumption is lower. Because that itincrease soil water storage, but reduce soil water supply, so that water consumption of cropreduction.4. Water retention agent more and crop evapotranspiration lower. In order to reduce the soilevaporation and transpiration, water retention agent control soil invalid evaporation and cropinvalid transpiration, improve water use efficiency, promote the growth and increase the yield ofcrops and, in order to achieve the sustainable development of water saving agriculture.