Study On Chinese Soil Taxonmy For Lime Calcic Black Soil And Alluvial Soil In Henan Province

Soil classification is the embodiment of soil science, Chinese soil Taxonomy is the tend of soil classification methiod in China.The history and present status of international soil classification is introduced.And its tendency of Quantification, Standardization and Internationalization is also described. The history and present status of Chinese soil classification,as well as the principles and methods of Chinese Soil Taxonomy,are introduced.There are large area distribution of Lime Calcic Black Soil (about1.27×106hm2)and Alluvial Soil (about4.16×106hm2) in Henan province.22samples of Lime Calcic Black Soil were collected in the lacustrine plain in the middle part of Henan and Nanyang Basin;12samples of Alluvial Soil were collected in the alluvial plain in the north and east part of Henan province. Soil profiles were described and monolith specimens were collected. Nutrient, exchangeable capacity, particle composition as well as the mineral composition were tested.Diagnostic horizons such as Mollic epipedon, Ochric epipedon, Cambic horizon, Calcic horizon, as well as diagnostic characteristics such as Ustic/Aquic soil moisture regime, Mesic/Thermic soil temperature regime,Vetic features, Redox features, Calcaric property, Eutric base saturation, were founded in the34samples,. Tests on the particle composition showed that25soil samples had fine loamy texture,7samples had loamy texture and2samples had clay texture; Tests on the mineral composition showed that25samples had mixed mineral,with7samples had more vermiculite and2samples had more illite.Based on Retrieve to Chinese Soil Taxonomy (3rd edition),the samples could be divided into Vertosols,Cambosols and Primosols. Samples of Vertosols beloned to1Suborder(i.e.Aquic Vertosols),1Group(i.e.Hapli-Aquic Vertosols),1Subgroup(Typic Hapli-Aquic Vertosols).Samples belonged to Cambosols were divided to2Suborders (i.e. Aquic Cambosols, Ustic Cambosols),5Groups(i.e. Shajiang-Aquic Cambosols, Dark-Aquic Cambosols, Ochri-Aquic Cambosols, Endorusti-Ustic Cambosols, Hapli-Ustic Cambosols),8Subgroups(i.e.Typic Shajiang-Aquic Cambosols, Typic Ochri-Aquic Cambosols, Parasalic Ochri-Aquic Cambosols, Calcaric Ochri-Aquic Cambosols, Typic Ochri-Aquic Cambosols, Calcaric Endorusti-Ustic Cambosols, Typic Endorusti-Ustic Cambosols, Typic Hapli-Ustic Cambosols). Sapmle belonged to Primosols was divided in to1Subborder(i.e.Orthic Primosols),1Group(i.e.Usti-Orthic Primosols),1Subgroup (i.e.Typic Usti-Orthic Primosols).In the basic categories of soil classification,20soil families were established based on particle composition, mineral composition, soil temperature regimes, and Calcaric property; Characteristic soil layers such as Loam-cover layer,clay-cover layer, black soil layer,, redox-feature layer, shajiang-distribution layer,clay layer,,sand layer were considered as the main partition criterion of soil series.and28tentative soil series were established.