Study On Anthocyanin Biosynthetic And Response To Growth Regulator In Developing Fruit Of Blueberry

Blueberries are the emerging concerned fruit because of its high anthocyanin content, cultivate varieties with high anthocyanin content has been a hot spot in breeding areas. In this study, by investigate typical sample lands and collect germplasm resources in Daxinganling,we analyzed the formation of the key quality characteristics in the process of the blueberry development between wild blueberries and the main cultivar named Bluecrop. In addition, we explored the influence of plant growth regulator on the biosynthesis of anthocyanin in Bluecrop.There are7major results in this study.1. Selected the high content of anthocyanins blueberry germplasm, anthocyanin content is5.31mg/g especially the oval fruits, anthocyanin content is7.67mg/g.2. The formation of the key quality characteristics has been cleared in the process of the blueberry development.(1)Before turning stage, there is little anthocyanin in fruit and then increased rapidly in both wild blueberry and Bluecrop. The contents of Anthocyanin in bluecrop was lower than those of wild blueberry. With the development of the fruit soluble sugar content increasing. The total phenolics and flavonoid decreased as the development of blueberry, and increased slightly at the end of development.(2) During the turning stage to the maturing (S4-S5), there was marked positive correlation between anthocyanin and total phenolics(Bluecrop, r=0.930**; wild blueberry, r=0.906**; P<0.01), and there was marked positive correlation between anthocyanin and flavonoid in wild blueberry(r=0.984**; P<0.01)(3)Anthocyanin component is different between wild blueberry and Bluecrop:we identified10anthocyanin components in wild Blueberry, the most abundantand is Malvidin-3-O-glucoside. And only6anthocyanin components was identified in Bluecrop, the most abundantand is Malvidin-3-O-galactosidase.3. Modified CTAB, Modified SDS, Trizol Kit and total RNA extraction kit were used to extract total RNA from blueberry fruits, the results showed that modified CTAB was considered to be the most favorable methods for RNA isolation from blueberry, RNA with high yield and quality.4. The time expression patterns of anthocyanin metabolism-related genes is detected. With the methods of Realtime PCR, we detected the expression of MYB、CHS、F3’H、F3’5’H、DFR、ANS in different developmental stages. We find that all of genes were highly expressed in turning stage(S4and S5). And DFR and ANS are key genes in the process of anthocyanin synthesis, one reason for higher anthocyanin content in wild blueberry may associated with the high expression of DFR and ANS in turning stage.5. The influence of plant growth regulators on the blueberry fruit growth and anthocyanin is explored. This study was carried out with Bluecrop after ABA(600mg/1)、GA3(30mg/1)、NAA(200mg/l) and water (CK) treatment. The results showed:Compared with CK,ABA treatment promoted fruit softening and improved the content of the fruit anthocyanin, fructose and glucose by22.29%,49.85%and27.68%, and the transcriptional leve of MYB, CHS, DFR, ANS is improved; Both NAA and GA3treatment reduced the accumulation of anthocyanin, but the effect was not significantand the final content is2.29mg/g. NAA treatment significantly reduce the fruit weight, suppressed fruit softened, and the accumulation of total phenols and flavonoids content, the expression of ANS is inhibited too; GA3treatment improved fruit weight and the content of solublesolid by10.73%and6.85%.