| Background and Objective: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is threat to human healthand life. Especially the severe TBI is with the high mortality and morbidity. TBI has becomea pressing social problems in the medical field at home and abroad. Because of theacceleration of the procession of modernization, greatly increased vehicles, construction,sports injuries, accidents, natural disasters and other factors increasing, TBI with prominentdestroy has increased and become a serious social problem. With the development of studyon clinical and experimental level, the rescue and treatment of TBI has a great deal ofprogress. TBI has significant decline in mortality, but high disability rates after the onsethave continued to be a trouble during problems of neurosurgery.Peroxynitrite (peroxynitrite,ONOO~-) which are created by reaction of NO andsuperoxide anion(superoxide anion, O2-) are derivatives of nitrogen monoxide (nitric oxide,NO). ONOO~-is not a free radical, but has a very strong oxidant. After TBI, the production ofNO and O2-has increased significantly resulting in a large number of ONOO~-.Because offalling short period, it is difficult to check the generating of ONOO~-.At present, there aretwo categories for the generation method of ONOO~-in the detection of biological reactionsystem: direct and indirect ways. In this study, we take the indirect method to detect markersof ONOO~-—nitrotyrosine which indirectly response the information of ONOO~-. ONOO~-canhave an important effect on secondary neuronal injury after TBI through various channels.Therefore, strengthening study on the way to generate ONOO~-and pathophysiologicaleffects has important significance to prevent secondary neuronal damage after TBI, as wellas the repair and regeneration of neurons.Methods: We adopt the experimental animal model of hydraulic impact, by HE dyedand immunohistochemical methods, to research the changes of nitrotyrosine(nitrotyrosine,NT) in the frontal cortex of focal and peripheral nerve tissue damage atdifferent time points after injury, as well as indirectly detect effects of peroxynitrite(peroxynitrite, ONOO~-) in the dynamic changes in the frontal cortex after TBI. Meanwhilewe use optical microscope to observe cell morphology changes of organization structure. Wecan discusson the relationsh-ip between mechanism and significance of ONOO~-changes andTBI to provide valuable theoretical basis of nerve regeneration, repair mechanism and clinical treatment. We divided the experimental application of adult SD rats into controlgroup, sham-operated group, injury group which are with the different damage to thehydraulic shock group, the pressure produced by different light, moderate and severe braininjury, and the collection of samples of6h,12h,1d,3d,7d,14d after injury. After usingimmunohistochemistry to detect expression of NT of rat frontal cortex, we use varianceanalysis and results of q test for statistical analysis. At the same time, we also use opticalmicroscopy to observe morphological changes in rats with brain injuryResults:①mild, moderate and severe injury group after HE staining were seen varyingdegrees of hemorrhage of the frontal lobe, the parietal lobe,the base of the brain and lateralventricle and some small contusion lesions in the rat brain stem and brain parenchyma. Atthe same time nerve cells of the prefrontal cortex showed a bow change, during which can beseen scattered in the red blood cells. Impact cortex necrosis of nerve cells increased (nuclearcondensation, cytoplasmic dissolution) scattered in the event. The control group andsham-operated group did not change significantly.②The expressions of nitrotyrosine (NT)of mild group in12h,1d,3d were significantly higher than the control group andsham-operated group, the difference was significant (p<0.05). While the expression ofnitrotyrosine (NT) of moderate and severe injury group in6h,12h,1d,3d were significantlyhigher than the same time of that of the control group, sham-operated group, the differencewas significant (p<0.05). The moderate and severe injury group were higher than the mildinjury group and the difference was significant (p<0.05). Severe injury group were alsohigher than that of moderate injury group and there was no significant difference(p>0.05).③After TBI, the expression of NT enhanced at12h in the mild injury group,whilethe expression of NT increased at6h in the moderate and severe injury group, all the injurygroup reached a peak at1d,reduced at3d and disappeared at7d. If TBI is heavier, NTimmune activity to the degree of enhancement is more obvious. It indirectly reflect thedynamic changes of ONOO~-in the frontal cortex after TBI. |
PDF Full Text Request