| Objectives：To know the present situation of knowledge, attitude and practice of birth defects aboutrural residents of child-bearing age in Shanxi province. Then we will analyze the relationshipamong knowledge, attitude and practice, to discuss main factors about KAP. Finally, we willprovide reliable basis of targeted prevention of birth defects and effective implementation ofprenatal and postnatal care next step in Shanxi province.Methods：By using multi-stage sampling method, we selected 4000 rural residents who were in 18-45years old and lived in the area for more than a year from seven villages which were from fivecountries or districts (Changzhi, Pingding, Jiexiu, Ruicheng and Pinglu) in Shanxi province.These objects were carried out on the face-to-face questionnaire survey by trained surveyor, andthe questionnaires were recovered on the spot at the same time. By using SPSS 13.0 statisticalanalysis software, quantitative data were analyzed using t test and analysis of variance, whilequalitative data were analyzed using chi-square test. The affecting factors were analyzed usingmultiple linear regression, binary logistic regression analysis, inspection level of 0.05. Therelationship of knowledge, attitudes and behavior was described by using four-quadrant analysis.Results:1. The status of the knowledge-attitude-practice about preventing birth defects amongrural reproductive people (1)730 males were investigated in this study, 526 of whom hadchildbearing history. The highest rate of correct answer for consanguineous marriage affects thehealth of future generations, accounting for 79.0%.The lowest "to be pregnant or pregnant,whether it was necessary to stay away from dyes, paints and other chemical industry”,accounting for 53.6%. 88.1% believed that it was necessary for couples to do pre-pregnancycheck. 85.5% believed that it was necessary to spend money and energy to prevent birth defects.87.8% believed that pregnant women need to do prenatal check by following the doctor’s advice.With regard to the objects who had pregnancy history, 0.6% of whom had consanguineousmarriages. 7.6% took the pre marriage medical examination and 7.6% did pre-pregnancycheck.(2)3248 females were investigated in this study, 2376 of whom had childbearing history.The highest rate of correct answer for consanguineous marriage affect the health of futuregenerations, accounting for 86.8%.The lowest "to be pregnant or pregnant, whether it wasnecessary to stay away from dyes, paints and other chemical industry”, accounting for 51.2%.90.9% believed that it was necessary for couples to do pre-pregnancy check. 86.9% believed that it was necessary to spend money and energy to prevent birth defects.90.7% believed thatpregnant women need to do the prenatal check by following the doctor’s advice. With regard tothe objects who had pregnancy history, 0.2% of whom had consanguineous marriages. 8.6% tookthe premarital medical examination and 30.6% did pre-pregnancy check. 84.1% did the prenatalcheck and 22.0% took folic acid by following the doctor’s advice.2. The relationship between knowledge, attitude and behavior BCG results showed, (1) Forthe males, the correct rate of the knowledge of pre-pregnancy check correctly accounted for 74.0percent, the rate of the correct attitude accounted for 89.0%, and the rate of doing pre-pregnancyexamination was 7.6%, while the rate of the correct knowledge, attitudes and behaviors was only4.4%. (2) For the females, the correct rate of the knowledge was 93.7%, the rate of the correctattitude accounted for 92.4%, and the rate of doing pre-pregnancy check accounted for 30.6%,which the rate of the correct knowledge, attitudes and behaviors accounted for 28.5%.3. The results of factor analysis (1) For the males, different ages, marital status, educationallevel, monthly family per capita income of the overall prevention of birth defects in knowledgescore, the differences were statistically significant. Married persons had higher scores thanunmarried persons. With the increase of education, monthly household per capita income, theirknowledge level had the tendency to increase. The multivariate analysis showed that the mainfactors of the knowledge scores were marital status, education level, age, etc. The factorsaffecting the three attitude of the prevention of birth defects were education level and maritalstatus. And married person, the higher education level, attitudes were more positive.(2)For thefemales, different ages, marital status, educational level, monthly family per capita income andhaving pregnancy history of the overall prevention of birth defects in knowledge score, thedifferences were statistically significant. The persons who were married and had pregnancyhistory had higher scores. With the increase of education level, monthly household per capitaincome, their knowledge level had the tendency to increase. The multivariate analysis showedthat the main factors of the knowledge scores were monthly household per capita income,education level, age, having pregnancy history and marital status, etc. The factors affecting theattitude of the pre-pregnancy check were marital status and the knowledge score. The factorsaffecting the attitude of the spending money and energy to preventing birth defects wereeducation level, marital status, monthly household per capita income, and knowledge score, etc.The factors affecting the attitude of doing the prenatal check by following the doctor’s advice forthe pregnant women were education level, marital status, occupation, and knowledge score. Forthe women who were married and had pregnancy history, they had a more positive attitude. Thehigher for the education level, monthly household per capita income, and knowledge score, themore positive attitude. The factors affecting the action of doing the prenatal check for childbearing women were age, education level, and the attitude of spending money and energy topreventing birth defects. With the increase of age, education level and the attitude of spendingmoney and energy to preventing birth defects, the possibility of doing the prenatal check forchildbearing women was high.Conclusions:1. For rural people of reproductive age in Shanxi province, they mastered the incompleteknowledge of preventing birth defects and they took a relatively positive attitude. However, theeugenic health behaviors were poor.2. The factors of affecting knowledge and attitude of preventing birth defects were educationlevel, monthly household per capita income and marital status.3. It is necessary to do the effective health education to the target population. Especially, to thepopulation who have lower educational level, lower-income and unmarried. Therefore, theirmastery of the knowledge to prevent birth defects will be improved and their adoption of healthybehaviors will be promoted. |
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