| Objective:To describe the epidemiology of BD(Birth Defects)in Fujian Province,to explore the main type of BD,influence factors and changing rules,and to provide basis for birth defects prevention measures.Methods:The most biggest midwifery hospitals were chosen for monitoring hospitals from 9 districts and 81 counties(districts)in Fujian Province.The deadline for the monitoring of BD was 42 days postpartum.The BD surveillance data were collected from 103 registered hospitals of Fujian between 2015 and 2016.After examined and verified,the data was input into a database.Statistical analysis was carried out with SPSS 18.0 package.Comparison of the rate applies to χ2 test,α= 0.05.Results:1.From 2015 to 2016,there were a total of 669,099 perinatal infants of which 11,775 had BD,with the average prevalence of 175.98 per 10,000 births.The top types of BD are congenital heart defects(47.32 per 10,000 births),polydactyly(47.32 per 10,000 births),other malformation of external ear(11.58 per 10,000 births),congenital talipes equinovarus(7.97 per 10,000 births),cleft lip with or without cleft palate(6.04 per 10,000 births).The constituent ratio of congenital heart disease in BD was 26.89%.2.From 2015 to 2016,the risks of BD are higher in urban areas VS(versus)rural areas(RR=1.37),in coastal areas VS interior areas(RR=1.52),in male infants VS female infants(RR=1.41),and in polycyesis VS monocyesis(RR=1.92),and in mothers above age 35 VS those below age 35(RR=1.25).3.Regional distribution of birth defects: the prevalence of birth defects in the highest city is Fuzhou(263.42 per 10,000 births),the lowest city is Sanming(117.27 per 10,000 births).Sanming City,Quanzhou City and Zhangzhou City are high-prevalence areas of neural tube defects.Quanzhou City is high-prevalence area of gastroschisis,Down syndrome,cleft lip and cleft palate.Fuzhou City is high-prevalence area of external ear malformation.Longyan City is high-prevalence area of polydactylism and dactylosymphysis.Xiamen City is high-prevalence area of hypospadias.4.From 2015 to 2016,there were a total of 4429 perinatal deaths,the rate of perinatal mortality was 6.62‰.Birth defects accounted for 31.09%(1377 cases)of perinatal death.5.The prenatal diagnosis rates of BD were anencephaly 97.61%,encephalocele 97.87%,spina bifida 83.22%,complete type endocardial cutting defect 89.73%,gastroschisis 88.99%,cartilage dysplasia 93.33%,Down’s Syndrome 91.14%.The rate of prenatal diagnosis is low in hypospadias(0),other malformation of external ear(0),polydactylism(0.46%),and dactylosymphysis(1.39%).6.The termination of BD: The total termination rate of BD was 33.83%.The termination rates of serious BD were anencephaly 97.08%,encephalocele 97.87%,spina bifida 81.82%,complete type endocardial cutting defect 84.79%,gastroschisis 88.07%,cartilage dysplasia 93.33% and Down’s Syndrome 90.00%.After the prenatal diagnosis and the termination of main malformations,the BD were significantly decreased.And the cis-situation of BD in liveborn infants has changed significantly,especially,Down’s Syndrome,hydrocephaly and cleft lip with or without cleft palate.Conclusions:1.The prevalence of birth defects in Fujian Province was slightly higher than that in the whole country.2.The prevalence of BD had statistical difference in regional distribution,gender,fetus number and maternal age.3.BD is an important cause of perinatal death.4.Prenatal diagnosis and selected termination plays an important role in the reduction of prevalence of BD in liveborn infants. |
