Research On Anopheline Behaviors, Bed Net Use And Influential Factors Of Jinuo Ethnic In Jinuo Mountain Area Of Yunnan

Objectives (1) To study the malaria vector anopheline behaviors in Jinuo mountain area and provide the scientific evidence for formulating the malaria prevention and management.(2) To learn the bed net use and influential factors among Jinuo ethnics, and further to explore feasible ways of promoting the bed net use in order to offer potential strategy for malaria prevention in Jinuo mountain area. Methods (1) Vector investigation was selected in Bapiao village for its representative characteristics. Mosquitoes were collected by light-traps and human-baited traps both in and outside house as well as studying its night-acting and biting behaviors.(2) An ethnographic household survey was conducted in ten villages which were purposefully selected by represent malaria epidemical degree and geographical diversity. In total.370households were randomly selected from the10study villages. Bed net use and its associated factors in Jinuo ethics were investigated by anthropology method.(3) Quantitative information of the respondents were collected by household questionnaire survey, while in-depth and one-to-one semi-structured interviews were used to collected qualitative massages.(4) Quantitative data imported by Epidata3.1was used SPSS version11.0for statistical analysis. In addition, qualitative data analysis utilized TAMS (Text Analysis Markup System)3.0software. Results (1) A total of nine Anopheles species were caught in Jinuo mountain area.which made up with A n.sinensiSs An. maculatus、An. minimus、An. kochi、An. vagus、An. phili ppinensis、An. peditaenial us、An. splendidus、An. jeyporiensis. Most of them were An.sinensis, followed by An. maculalus, and their rate was65.18%and10.12%respectively, while A n.minimus only accounted for4.47%. A n.sinensis was activing through the whole night with its peak active and peak man-biting were from19:00to 21:00. A n. maculates, whose peak active both in and outside house were from19:00to21:00, was acting through the whole night as well, but they were activing little after0:00.The peak man-biting of A n. maculates in human house was from19:00to21:00while outside was from21:00to23:00.(2) Of1319individual surveyed in352households,48%{95%CI:44.91%-50.31%) owned bed net with19.9%,23.5%in ITNs and LLINs respectively. The rate of regular bed net use, bed net use during the night prior to the survey and correct bed net use was48%,47.2%,34.5%respectively. The rate of bed net use during the night prior to the survey in U5years children (%=4.754, P=0.030) was significantly higher compared to age15-49years. The rate of correct bed net use in U5years children (X2=4.754, P=0.030) was significantly higher compared to age≥50years. The village named Balaxiazhai had highest rate in regular bed net use, bed net use during the night prior to the survey and correct bed net use with88.89%,87.58%,72.55%respectively.(3) By univariate logistic regression analysis, factors which significantly influenced bed net use in Jinuo ethnic were related to type of house structure. screens or curtain use, night shade habit, awareness about the cause of malaria, malaria transmission knowledge, awareness about use bed net as an effective strategy to prevent malaria.(4)Results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that traditional housing structure type (P=0.000, OR=4.711,95%CI:2.807-7.909), screens or curtain nonuse (P=0.045, OR=0.535,95%C1:0.29-0.986)and malaria preventive knowledge as awareness about use bed net as an effective strategy to prevent malaria (P=0.000, OR=5.04,95%CI:2.717-9.349) were the key factors which determined influenced bed net use in Jinuo family in the study area. Conclusions (1) The major malaria vector An. minimus was seldom collected. The dominant anopheles was An. sinensis.An. maculates was sub-dominant anopheles. In addition, both peak active and peak man-biting in dominant anopheles were before00:00.(2) This paper revealed that both ownership and use of bed net rates were very low. From this study it is inferred that type of house structure, screens or curtain use, awareness about use bed net as an effective strategy to prevent malaria directly influenced the use of bed net in Jinuo ethnic. However, knowledge of malaria cause and transmission were the potential variables for bed net use.