| Objective:Dental caries is one kinds of multifactorial and chronic bacterial diseases that involves the destruction of tooth structure. Whether a lesion will progress, reverse demineralization, or stay the same,is determined by the organic acids produced by the metabolism of mineral of dietary carbohydrates by oral cariogenic bacteria in dental palque. Since it is acellular and vascular,compared with other tissues, enamel cannot heal itself by a cellular repair mechanism and only through the repair by saliva or remineralization fluid.Therefore,remineralization is an important natural repair progress and cariogenic challenges. Currently, there is a broader recognition that dental caries should be managed with "improved diagnosis of early non-cavitated lesions and treatment for prevention and arrest of such lesions." Early carious lesions appear to be the best opportunity for countering this destructive-process. As we know fluoride is benefit for enamel remineralization, but there are some limitations. Though quantity studies were conducted,conflicting results obtained for different experimental conditions and study designs.So It seems reasonable and necessary to search for new bioactive agents for the prevention or repair of dental erosion, especially enamel initial lesion. The arginine/calcium carbonate toothpaste (Pro-argin) is believed to play an important role in facilitating the sedimentation of hydroxyapatite and sealing open tubules Based on the theories the aim of this study was to evaluate the mineralized effect of Pro-argin toothpaste on enamel and compared with several other toothpastes.Methods:1. Bovine enamel blocks in vitro were prepared and randomly divided into five groups. These samples were pH-cycled for12times in6days. Each daily cycle included2×5min application with one of the five treatments:one was Pro-argin toothpaste and the other two test products were a commercial toothpaste Crest toothpaste containing0.11%fluorine and a professional remineralizing treatment paste (GC Tooth Mousse).What’s more the DDW and NaF were taken for control groups. Surface enamel microhardness was measured on the enamel blocks before and after pH-cycling, and the data was analysed with SPSS17.0and the percentage of surface microhardness recovery (%SMHR) was calculated.Then the enamel specimens were sectioned and observed by polarised light microscopy,using an image analysis system for quantization the lesion depth;2.Artificial enamel carious lesion specimens were prepared by immersing demineralization solution for3days.The lesions were subjected to a pH-cycling regime for12days.Each daily cycle includes4x3min application with one of five treatments:Pro-argin toothpaste group,GC toothmousse group,crest toothpaste group, NaF (positive group)and DDW group for negative control. The samples were subsequently evaluated using a microhardness tester, polarised light microscopy (PLM),and confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM);3,Fifty enamel specimens were divided into5groups at random and submitted to treatment solutions(Saturated calcium carbonate, Saturated calcium carbonate solution with Bovine serum albumin, Saturated calcium carbonate solution containing8%Pro-argin, Saturated calcium carbonate solution with Bovine serum albumin containing8%Pro-argin, negative control) for7days and2days in a buffer system, and then take the x-ray diffraction and the scanning electron microscopy for evaluation.Results:1. Among all the groups, the reduction of surface microhardness (DSMH) in Pro-argin group was the least (p<0.05). No significant differences were found between crest toothpaste group and DDW group, as well as the Pro-argin group and positive control group(p>0.05);2.Measurements revealed Pro-argin group and GC toothmousse had significantly greater effect on enhancing remineralization than that of crest toothpaste (P<0.05). Between the Pro-argin group and the positive group there was no difference found;3. when the enamel was treated with arginine accompanied with Saturated calcium carbonate solution and Bovine serum albumin,it did have sediment generated which was verified to be HAP,but with a stronger acid-proof property compared with the normal HAP.Conclusion:All the three toothpastes have the ability of inhibiting the enamel demineralization and promoting the remineralization in degrees,what’ more the Pro-argin toothpaste has the most significant effect among all the three groups; Arginine,it did have the ability of mineralization on enamel with the excistance of Saturated calcium carbonate solution and Bovine serum albumin. |
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