| Objectives Enamel demineralization is a common phenomenon during orthodontic treatment.In this study,Epigallocatechin gallate and Bioactive glass were use combinatedly to remineralize the enamel and their effect was compared with that of fluoride.The results of this study may provide valuable data to explore new methods and materials for treatment of enamel demineralization.Methods 1)Selection and preservation of samples: Collect 75 premolars extracted due to orthodontics at Tangshan Bochuang Stomatological Hospital,and remove calculus and tissue debris by using dental cleaning equipment from the tooth surface,and store them in saline in a refrigerator at 4°C for using.2)Preparation of samples:(1)Establish the orthodontic models: bonding of metal brackets in the center of the clinical crown on the buccal side of all teeth.Apply antacid nail polish to all dental tissues except the labial surface of the teeth.(2)Establish demineralization model: place orthodontic model in artificial demineralization solution at 37℃ for 72 hours.3)Experimental grouping and processing:75 teeth were divided into 5 groups randomly with each group of 15.Group A is a control group,and the demineralised samples are put into 37°C artificial saliva which is replaced regularly;group B is fluor protector,and the demineralised samples are treated with fluor protector once;Group C is BAG group,and the samples after demineralization are treated with BAG,10 mins each,3 times a day;Group D was the penetrating resin group,and the samples after demineralization are treated by penetrating resin and placed into 37°C artificial saliva;Group E is BAG combined with EGCG group,and the demineralised samples were treated with BAG and then treated with EGCG for 10 min each and 3 times a day.4)General specimen observation,Micro-hardness test,scanning electron microscope observation and X-ray energy spectroscopy analysis,surface roughness measurement.Results 1 General specimen observation : Group A: The tooth enamel after demineralised treatment is chalky,the color of the surrounding tooth enamel is sharply contrasted.groups B,C,D,E and all have varying degrees of restoration with a reduction in the area of white plaque,with group E outperforming group B,followed by groups C and D.2.SEM results show that: group A: structural dissolution damage to the enamel surface is visible on scanning electron microscopy,with large pits and honeycomb pores visible in the incomplete enamel structure..Group B: Scanning electron microscopy reveals the formation of mineralised nodules forming bumps above some of the pit-like structures and a reduction in the number of pores.Group C: Scanning electron microscopy reveals a relatively flat structured enamel surface with occasional partially mineralized nodules.Group D: the enamel surface is not smooth,there are fish scale and mass deposits in the visible pores.But a few demineralization pores are still visible.Group E: The surface of the enamel is flat,the pit-like demineralization pores disappear,and there is a large amount of irregular mineral deposition on the surface.3.Results of surface microhardness: In each group,the microhardness of group A is the smallest,followed by group D(P<0.05),and the difference is statistically significant;the microhardness of group E is slightly higher than that of groups B and C,which is no statistical difference(P>0.05).BAG in combination with EGCG facilitates further enamel remineralization.4.X-ray energy spectrum analysis: Group B is similar to group E,with no statistical significance(P>0.05);Groups B and E are larger than those of A,C and D,and the difference is statistically significant(P<0.05).The mole ratio and mass ratio of calcium and phosphorus in other groups are statistically significant in group C > Group D > Group A(P<0.05).4 roughness results: The roughness of group A is the largest,and the roughness of group B and group E isthe smallest,followed by the roughness of group C and D,and there is statistical difference between group A and other groups(P<0.05).Pairwise comparison between group B,C and E and group A and D(P<0.05)show statistical difference between the two groups.Pairwise comparison among groups B,C and E(P>0.05)shows no significant statistical difference.The EGCG and BAG combination group have a smoother enamel surface than BAG or EGCG alone Conclusions The results shows that fluoride protective paint BAG and EGCG can promote enamel remineralization.The combination of EGCG and BAG can achieve the caries prevention effect of conventional fluoride,which is basically the same as that of fluor protector.Furthermore,both materials do they do not contain fluorine and do not have the toxic side effects of fluoride.Figure 4;Table 3;Reference 110... |
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