Histological Observation Of The Effect Of Inferior Alveolar Nerve On The Progress Of Periodontitis In Rat

ObjectivePeriodontal disease is the disease of chronic progressive destruction caused by many factors, and is the main reason for losing teeth of adults. Periodontal tissue destruction is caused by periodontitis primarily through the direct destruction and the collateral damage ways. The former is caused by periodontal pathogens and their products; the latter is led by the host immune response, in which the host immune response and systemic factors played major roles in periodontal tissue damage. With the development of research, we discovered the effect of the neural peptides in development and progression of periodontal disease could not be ignored, but the role of nervous factors in the pathogenesis of periodontitis and its possible mechanism is unclear.In this study, to establish an animal modal of the inferior alveolar nerve (IAN) transected and experimental periodontitis in rats, observing the changes of the periodontal tissue in histology, such as periodontal membrane, alveolar bone, providing the research foundation for exploring the function of nerve factor in the occurrence and development of periodontitis and periodontal tissue regeneration in vivo.MethodsNinty-six3months SPF Wistar rats, weight300±25g, were supplied by the Animal Experimental Center of Shandong University. They were divided into four groups randomly, the IAN-transection and periodontitis group (P1), the periodontitis group (P2), the IAN-transection group (P3) and the control group(N),24in each group.3,7,10,14days and4,6weeks after the operation, specimens were collected by dissection the operating areas after circulated internal fixation and observed by clinical examination, X-ray, and histological examined after HE staining. SPSS13.0software package were used for statistical analysis..ResultsThrough clinical examination, X-ray, and histological examined after HE staining,the specimens showed:The IAN-transection operation was successfully conducted in the study and there were no significant necrosis or ulceration observed in the nerve dissected rats. All of experimental periodontitis models were established successfully at the time point; there were severe destruction of the periodontal tissues especially in the P1group. There were manifest bone losses in the specimens of IAN-transection group than that in non IAN-transection group according to X-ray examination at day3,7,10,14after the operation both in the P1, P2and P3group, especially in the P1group. Both side periodontal tissue of the P3group had no obvious inflammation and periodontal tissue destruction.Conclusion1、The experimental periodontitis animal modal in various nerve conditions can be successfully conducted.2、The inferior alveolar nerve transaction only cannot cause periodontitis,but it can result the body in a low response.It can result in the serious destruction of periodontal tissue and the absorption of the alveolar bone.