Comparative Study On Ginsenosides From Microscale And Nanoscale Chinese White Ginseng And Their Anticancer Activity In Vitro

Ginsenosides, the major chemical composition of Chinese white ginseng (Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer), can inhibit tumor, enhance body immune function, prevent neurodegeneration, and so on. In this paper, for the first time we reported that the amount of ginsenosides in the equivalent extraction of the nanoscale Chinese white ginseng particles (NWGP) was2.5times more than that of microscale Chinese white ginseng particles (WGP). And the nanoscale Chinese white ginseng particles extractions (1000ug/ml) reached a high tumor inhibition of64%exposed to human lung carcinoma cells (A549) and74%exposed to human cervical cancer cells (Hela) after72h. Our work shows that the nanoscale Chinese white ginseng greatly improves the bioavailability of ginsenosides.As a starting material, the same size (100mesh,150±6.6μm) of Chinese white ginseng samples was used.2.89g WGP mixed with agate balls with10,6mm (Φ10mm:Φ6mm=50:10) of diameter were sealed in a polytetrafluoroethylene installation with agate balls-to-WGP weight ratio of10:1and at a rotation speed of600rpm. The NWGP was obtained following the three-step procedure for30h, clockwise rotation-stillness-anticlockwise rotation with each step kept for30min. The milling was performed with Type QM-3SP04planetary ball bill (China).In our experiment, two size samples of ginseng powders were collected from ginseng extractions and analyzed by FTIR spectrometer. The infrared spectra of WGP extractions and NWGP extractions showed their entire profiles were generally similar to each other, and their chemical properties were not distinctively different. The results showed the contents of four ginsenosides (Rg1, Re, Rb1, Rd) in NWGP were more than2.5times compared with WGP according to the HPLC-UV chromatograms. The nanoscale Chinese white ginseng greatly improves the bioavailability of ginsenosides.We employed the classic CCK-8viability assays to evaluate and compare the anticancer effect of WGP and NWGP. And the nanoscale Chinese white ginseng particles extractions (1000μg/ml) reached a high tumor inhibition of64%exposed to the human lung carcinoma epithelial-like cells (A549) and74%exposed to human cervical cancer cells (Hela) after72h. So NWGP extractions enhanced the anti-tumor effects to a great extent than WGP extractions.