John Simon And British Public Health Campaign In The Late19^th Century

Just find a book of the history of public health in the West, John Simon have a significant impact. He had served as a central medical officer during1855-1876for21years and made great contributions to the process of the public health of UK. However, compare with Edwin. Chadwick, the study of such a virtuous man in the history of public health is quite inadequate. After Chadwick quite in1854, the public health of British continued a development until1871, it formed a stable system, Simon played an important role in it. This title of this article is’John Simon with the reform of England Public Health during19th century", I want to put together Simon with the reform of public health and dill the blank of research of John Simon, and review some major events of the public health such as’the Public Health Acts1858’after Chadwick quite, finally give some new conclusions. This article is divided into four chapters, the main contents are as follows:The first chapter expounds three parts:the study of Simon during early years, the prevalence of Cholera in1830s and’the Public Health Acts1848’. The first part review the study of Simon and the activities alter he became a doctor, in order to emphasize his identity of professional medical expert, and lay a background for the scientific ethos that Simon takes in the public health reform. The rest of this chapter take two great event----the first cholera epidemic and’Public Health Law1848’, in order to revert the public health campaign in19th century30s.The second chapter is divided three parts too:first. Simon served as a medical officer in London City during1848-1854. during this time he initiated a war against Cholera, the health of water and clean up the cemetery. This is the first time that Simon take his public health ideal into practice. By means of Simon5years practice, the situation of the health of City of London have been greatly improved. Simon laid the framework and foundation of his future public health reform ideas rely on these practices. In the second part, Simon went to the General Board of Health as a medical officer engaged the Vaccination campaigns and legislation. This period is a transitional period, subject to the criticize of the British politics and public opinions of the public health, Simon couldn’t take a big action; In the third part, I gave a summary of the public health activities in1850s.The third chapter based on the nature of activities Simon engaged is divided three parts:the investigation of the disease, the practice of public health campaigns, as well as the trend of the public health reform during1860s. This chapter outlines the entire picture of England Public Health movement in1860s, the first part describes the prevail of three Represents diseases-diphtheria, typhoid, cholera popular in1860s, and the effort of Simon and his department to control the epidemic, the second part is the implementation of some representative action, such as vaccination, investigation of industrial diseases, regulate food safety and medical research, to rebuilt the picture of the public health in19th century60s, show that the Britain’s public health campaigns constantly stumbling forward. In the third part, Ⅰ make a simple summary and review of Simon’s public health career in19th century60s. At the same time, as the claim of public health is growing, the British government decided reform again. So. this section based on two report of government, to profile the probably context of Simon and public health reform, and lay a background for the first part of the fourth chapter.The fourth chapter is the closing chapter of the article, it introduces the establishment of the LGO and two main Acts in England—1872and1875. and the contribution of Simon during his later career of public health. The establishment of LGO means the public health campaign over20years came to the end temporarily, the merge of poor law house and the medical department of Privy council means government began took the public’s health as the obligations and responsibilities. That laid a way for the future development of the follow-up of the British health campaign. In1919. British got her Ministry of Health, means that government began to see health as important as other important matters such as defense and finance began to be the government agenda. Finally, Ⅰ summarized and evaluated the contribution of Simon’s30years careers.