Cytogenetic Analysis Of69Cases Of Multiple Myeloma Patients

Background and objective: Multiple myeloma is a malignanttumorous disease with heterogeneity, there is a big difference in thelifetime of MM patients. In the past, we used ISS staging system toevaluate the prognosis of MM patients,.In recent years, with theapplication of FISH detection, cytogenetics plays a more and moreimportant role in the evaluation of prognosis in MM patients. In thestudy, we analysize the karyotype characteristics and its clinicalsignificance of multiple myeloma.Methods: To study the cytogenetics and other clinical indicators,including immunophenotyping, D-S staging, ISS staging, β2microglobulin level, plasma cells level, conventional chromosomedetection and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) detection, of thepatients first diagnosed as MM in the department of oncology of NO.1Hospital of Jilin University from2009to2012by retrospective analysis.Results:1. In the69cases of MM patients, all the patients were detected bythe fluorescence in situ hybridization(FISH). Among them,51cases ofpatients were detected as abnormal karyotypes, the detection rate was73.91%. There were5common abnormal genes, namely1q21amplification, deletion of RB1, deletion of D13S319, translocation of14q32and p53deletion, the detection rate separately was46.38% （32/69），33.33%（23/69），20.29%(14/69),8.70%(6/69).2. In the69cases of MM patients,45cases of patients were detectedby the routine chromosome examination (G band).5cases of patientswere detected as abnormal karyotypes, the detection ratio is12.20%. Allof the5patients were found to have number abnormality,3of them wasassociated with structural abnormality.3. There was a high level of plasma cell in the patients with deletionof chromosome13and IgH rearrangement. There was a high level of β2microglobulin in the patients with deletion of chromosome13.4. The patients with deletion of RB1and D13S319had a lowerremission rate than the patients with normal karyotype. Two patients withIgH rearrangements were given autologous hematopoietic stem celltransplantation, but all relapsed.Conclusions:1. Cytogenetics of MM patients is complex and changeable, routinechromosome detection is necessary, but the detection rate is low, FISHdetection can significantly improve the detection rate of abnormalkaryotypes, so we should combine them to detect the cytogenetics of MMpatients, and make the prognosis evaluation.2.5common kinds of abnormal karyotypes, including1q21amplification, deletion of D13S319and RB1, p53deletion and IgHrearrangement have no obvious relations with immunophenotype、 D-Sstaging and ISS staging.3. There is a high level of plasma cell in the patients with deletion ofchromosome13and IgH rearrangement. There is a high level of β2microglobulin in the patients with deletion of chromosome13. 4. The patients with deletion of RB1and D13S319have a lowerremission rate than the patients with normal karyotype.