The Research Of Probiotic In Early Life For The Prevention Of Allergic Diseases

Objective: The prevalence of allergic diseases has steadily increasedduring the last decade in the world. In addition to environmental factors, thecomposition of the intestinal flora plays a key role in postnatal development ofthe immune system. Usually the first performance of early allergic disease ininfants is atopic dermatitis. The present study was designed to investigate theeffect of supplementing infant formula feed with probiotics on the incidenceof atopic dermatitis (AD) during the first six months of life, and measure thequantitative of fecal bifidobacteria by16S-rDNA fluorescence quantitativePCR, explore the role of probiotics in postnatal development of the immunesystem to prevention of allergic disease, we can further provide theoreticalbasis for using probiotics to preservation and treatment allergic diseases.Methods:240term infants with natural delivery born between1Nov2011and31Sept2012at the The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical Universityor The Fourth Hospital of Shijiazhuang City were enrolled, including120witha parental history of atopic eczema, allergic rhinitis, or asthma in eithermother or father were eligible for the study and120without a parental historyof allergic diseases. They were randomly divided into two groups, one groupwas supplemented formula with1million CFU/g bifidobacteria (Records is Agroup, including A1group60without a parental history of allergic diseasesand A2group60with a parental history of allergic diseases), another groupwas supplemented with ordinary formula (Records is B group including B1group60without a parental history of allergic diseases and B2group60witha parental history of allergic diseases). And at the same time collecting120infants with breastfeeding, including60have not a family history of allergies(Records is C1group) and60have a family history of allergies(Records is C2group). The sexes, gestational age, birth weight and birth length between the six groups do not have the significance difference. Mixed breast and bottlefeeding was accepted until the forth week of life. When the mother startedformula feeding according to the inclusion criteria but continued breastfeeding for more than six weeks, the infant was excluded from the study of Aor B group. Study infants were seen on a monthly basis. The parents wereinterviewed with the aid of a diary and collect stool samples formicrobiological analysis. The severity of the skin alterations was scored by theSCORAD index based on extension.16S-rDNA fluorescent quantitative PCRwas applied in determining the content of bifidobacterium in feaces. Statisticalanalysis was performed using SPSS13.0statistical software. Measurementdata was presented as mean±standard deviation (x±ｓ). Count data waspresented as percentage (%). All data should make homogeneity of varianceand normal distribution tests. Difference between several groups was analyzedby one-way ANOVA or crosstabs. Setting α=0.05, there was statisticalsignificance if P <0.05for the difference.Results: A total of273infants were enrolled in the study,87infants leftthe trial before completing the study.1. Analysis of AD incidence in eachgroup of infants：The incidences of AD between A1, B1and C1group in thefirst month were not statistically significant (P>0.05)(Table3); The incidencesof AD in B1group was higher than A1group in3and6months (P <0.0125);The incidences of AD between A1and C1group, B1and C1group in3and6month were not statistically significant (P>0.0125)(Table4-5); The incidencesof AD between A2, B2and C2group in the first month were not statisticallysignificant (P>0.05)(Table6); The incidences of AD in B2group was higherthan A2group in3and6months (P <0.0125); The incidences of AD betweenA2and C2group, B2and C2group in3and6months were not statisticallysignificant (P>0.0125)(Table7); The incidences of AD between A1and A2,B1and B2group in6months were not statistically significant (P>0.05); Theincidences of AD in C1group was lower than C2group in6months(P<0.05)(Table8-10).2. Analysis of SCORAD of infants with AD in each group ofinfants: The SCORAD scores of AD infants in A1group was lower than B1 and C1group (P<0.05), the SCORAD of AD infants between B1and C1group were not statistically significant (P>0.05). The SCORAD of AD infantsin A2group was lower than B2and C2group (P<0.05), the SCORAD of ADinfants between B2and C2group were not statistically significant (P>0.05).3.Analysis of quantity of Intestinal flora in each group of children: The quantityof intestinal bifidobacteria in A and B group were significantly lower than Cgroup in the first month (P <0.05), but there is not a statistically significantbetween A and B group(P <0.05); The quantity of intestinal bifidobacteria inA and C group were significantly higher than B group in3month (P <0.05),but there is not a statistically significant between A and C group(P <0.05);The quantity of intestinal bifidobacteria in A group was significantly higherthan C group, and C group was significantly higher than B group in6month(P <0.05)(Table10-11).Conclusion:1.Probiotics maintain ecological balance of infants in theearly life, mainly manifest not only effectively promoting the colonization ofbifidobacteria but increasing the number of bifidobacteria in the feces ofinfants;2. Probiotics can effectively establish the balance of gut microflora inthe early life, and reduce the incidence of atopic dermatitis. SCORAD scores.3. Bifidobacteria effectively improve the clinical symptoms of atopicdermatitis in children, simultaneously reduce SCORAD score of atopicdermatitis.4. The study suggest that probiotic in the early life can effectivelyprevent of allergic diseases by modifying the structure of intestinal flora andestablishing of micro-ecological balance.