The Investigation And Research On The Grottoes And Cliffside Images In Hunan Area

China has conducted three nationwide cultural relics survey since 1949.In all previous surveys in Hunan area,eight Grottoes and Cliffside Statue Remains were found. The oldest statue remains for the Southern, the other several statue remains for the Tang Dynasty,Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties.Although the era of relatively late, but with obvious historical continuity and tradition of this statues. The research on the Grottoes and Cliffside Images in Hunan area are still at an initial stage.That is, People have made an rough investigation records of the statues which found in Hunan area.And record is quite rough,Very little specifically described or research, More like surveys of information presentation. For the statuary art no one involved in the overall study. Therefore, systematic study of the Grottoes and Cliffside Images in Hunan area could fill the gaps in statuary art research. But also on further study of Buddhism Statues art and the history of Buddhism in Hunan of great significance.This paper selects a few representative Hunan Grottoes as the main object of study. For example: Jiangyong Cliffside Images, Yuhuangdong Grottoes and Fengquandong Grottoes in Zhangjiajie,etc. Analysis of its statuary images and features to summarize the main features, obtained the overall features of the Grottoes and Cliffside Images in Hunan area. Its overall characteristics is the statues overall years later and statues on the subject matter takes on a new era of ideological content and features. That shown as Confucian Ethics,Buddhist Karma theory and supernatural punishment of Taoism with each other, hybridity. And ideology has penetrated into the depths of the people.This paper argues that the reasons for these characteristics appear, partly because the landscape characteristics of Hunan area, on the other hand is due to the evolution of Buddhism. Especially since the Five Dynasties,commodity economic development of feudal, and Buddhism from a theoretical model transition to folk model produced.