The Research Of Guangxi Foundry Cash Bureau In Qing Dynasty

Currency is closely related with the people’s livelihood, Guangxi foundry cash bureau in Qing dynasty was established by the require of foundry cash, its operation directly affect the currency and financial, the local community of that time. The Qing government adopted policy of the dispersed cast cash, the each province could establish bureau according to the social demand after approving. The core of this paper was Guangxi foundry cash bureau, researching it roundly, would proceed from its historical background, organization and management, the sources of currency material, surplus profit of the foundry cash, the development of foundry cash, the causes of stopping foundry, and the positive and negative influence of Guangxi’s the local society etc.The people casted and used copper cash dated from Xi and Dong han period in Guangxi region. In Qing dynasty, due to the people increased, agricultural development, The expansion of the local market of Guangxi region, lead to the demand for currency especially cash surge. The Qing government established foundry cash bureau casting cash in Guilin, so as to solving the problem of insufficient cash of local society.Guangxi foundry cash bureau in Qing dynasty was firstly established in1668, its belongs to Hubu, managed by Guangxi Chief Secretary, and not formed the system due to on and off. Guangxi foundry cash bureau was established again in1742, taked charge of by Ancha department, and Seted up strictly systems. The affairs of Guangxi foundry cash bureau alter was managed by the officer of controlled salt in1779, and was changed managed by magistrate of a prefecture of Guilin in1873. The abuse of the system were also increasingly revealed as the status and importance reduced of Guangxi foundry cash bureau.Guangxi foundry cash bureau mint purchased copper and lead, the raw material of casting money from not only Yunnan province and Guizhou province but also by lacal. Therefrom, it stimulated the development of mineral products of this locality. So that the white lead exploited by Guangxi province offered this locality while afford to Guangdong province and Hunan province. The foundry cash profits of Guangxi foundry cash bureau in Qing dynasty was iniluenced by casting cost money and money parity. The foundry cash cost mainly included four aspects: cpper cost, lead cost, labour service and bureau fee. In Qing dynasty, The foundry cash bureau of Beijing and every province purchased the difference of the price copper and lead at the same time, having also difference of the price copper and lead at the different time, and the change of the parity of silver and cash, leading to the difference of the foundry cash profits, at times foundry cash would lose. The casting cash of Guangxi foundry cash bureau had profit rates between10%-50%, in Qianlong period to Daoguang twenty years. Because of the outflow of silver, the copper price which was in the Calculation of silver rised up after1822, foundry cash appeared the phenomenon of loss, Most of the period of Xianfeng Tongzhi and Guangxu, due to the loss in making money, money Bureau most was out of business in most of the time.The currency that came from the foundry of Guangxi in Qing Dynasty, which the currency supplied abundantly. And finally in the14th year since emperor Qianlong’s reign(1749), there was no more necessary for Guangxi to rely on Yunnan’s foundry cash. Honestly speaking, it brought great benefits of currency founding, perfect order defending, and the authority protecting of the national currency. Totally saying, it brought people a clean and clear currency environment which is good for national economy and the people’s livelihood. In the late period of Qing Dynasty, in order to get more profit, the foundry cash bureau of Guangxi casted a large number of low-quality copper and iron coins and the unauthorized manufacture of coins, which Caused inflation and resulted in the adverse effects in Guangxi local social economic in a certain degree.