| Scientists play an important role in the process of the development of human civilization. However, contrary to the lofty status in the community, scientists’images in the literature seem to have been largely negative. Scientists’images have been no obvious change, from The early Alchemist until now. After the18th century, scientists’negative images are gradually being accepted as a typical pattern or even a formulated one in the literature, of which the negative scientists created by Wales, a British novelist of science fiction, are some of the representative, in the late19th century.Scientists’negative images, as the literature shows, are not a simple a misunderstanding of the occupation as "scientists", but also a way to present humanists’ reflection of unrestricted scientific development in the modern world. Being explorers and master of the social impetus, scientists thus become the expression vector of people’s attitude, especially their apprehension, to the development of science and technology. Moreover, writers’attitudes to scientists are the embodiment of what people think about the future trend of mankind.The thesis talks from the source of the scientists in the literature and the evolving negative images of scientists in literature, trying to expand the full range of interpretation of the negative images generated in the literature. Besides, taking the scientists created in Wales’ science fiction as an example to analyze several typical images of scientists in Wales’fiction, to analyze the causes of negative scientists as typical literary figures, and then to explore the deep implication attached to scientists and its academic value and practical significance.This thesis consists of four parts. The introduction part tells the purpose and significance of scientists’ images which are studied in the thesis. By examining the current research at home, the value of this thesis is pointed out.Chapter One explores the source of the scientists in Western literature, sorts out the images of scientists, and then displays the main images shown in the literature. Typical scientists’ images in Wales’novels are analyzed, showing the typification of those and pointing out the role of Wales’novel in changing images of scientists. Chapter Two firstly studies the characteristics and people’s understanding of scientists in the realistic world and analyzes the realistic basis of scientists’ negative images. People’s confusion of life itself has been reflected, with the description of vampires’continually pursuing the significance of the existence of life, through the experience between life and death. Secondly, it discusses the formation process of scientists’ negative images in the literary works, from three aspects of the perspective of literary creation. That is, the literary creation of the ugliness, the relationship between scientists and Gothic novels, and the formation process of the creation of "tradition". Finally, the prototype of scientists’images as witches and ritual in the literature has been analyzed, from an anthropological view, basing on Jung’s archetype theory.Chapter Three analyzes the significance of scientists’ negative images and the deep thinking attached to scientists by humanist writers from rational and moral perspectives, and then reveals the deeper cultural implication which scientists’images carry.The conclusion part summarizes the purport and points out the purpose of this thesis. An overview of the plump and three-dimensional developmental trend of scientists’images from the17th century has been presented, and Rice’s important role in the innovation of vampires’images has been affirmed as well. In addition, the thesis also proposes that the development of scientists’ images in literary works has experienced a long period. Scientists’ negative images not only show the scientific practitioners’images in literary works, but also demonstrate humanist writers’humanistic concern and profound reflection on the future development of human beings. |
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