Study On The Academic Factions Of The Qing Dynasty’s Research In Shih Chi

Shih chi is a great work. Since its birth, all previous dynasties had the research of " Shih chi ". ToQing dynasty, the study of Shih chi reached the heyday, the number of researchers and works are far morethan other dynasties. The Qing dynasty’s research of Shih chi is an important stage in the development ofShihchiology, and also a part of the academic research in the Qing Dynasty. Shih chi is the modelcombining literature and history. It is not only the leader of Official History, but also regarded as a modelfor the articles of the literati. The study of Shih chi has not limited in one domain, some focused on theliterature, some focused on the textual research, and some focused on historical comments. The Qingdynasty’s research of Shih chi also showed a trend of diversification. According to the inclination of theworks’ content and my personal understanding to the study of belong to the scope of the study, I dividedthem into three factions roughly: literature faction, textual faction, and revehistorique faction. Theliterature faction, they researched Shih chi mainly through the form of commentary, and they focused onthe literature, to explore Shih chi’s expressions, to dig Shih chi’s aesthetic value, to direct readers how toappreciate the beauty of Shih chi’s article, and to teach the youth strategies of reading and writing.The textual faction, they researched Shih chi mainly by collating, exegesis, notes, distinguishing thefalsehood. They did textual research on the differences, eliminated the false and retain the true the true andexplained meibutsu, in order to restore Shih chi’s original look. The revehistorique faction, on thefoundation of real material, they adhered to the objective and fair manner, to hook historical facts fromShih chi’s record, and explor the historical rules, and concern the historical events, characters, commentedgains or losses. However, all those were provided for Practical Statecraft and being the leader’s reference.All the three factions belong to the study of Shih chi, they should be complementary, mutually reinforcingrelationship. The development of three is not balanced. Because the shift in the style of study and otherfactors, they changed in different historical stages. And factions in different historical periods, showeddifferent characteristics, different achievements. Through the contrast analysis, this article divided the Qingdynasty’s research of Shih chi into three stages. At each stage, I list each faction’s representative works,grasp their respective characteristics and achievements, in order to show the factions’ evolution in the three stages and the mutual relations of the three factions. In the early Qing dynasty (the Shunzhi-Kangxi), theliterature faction was the most significant in the research of Shih chi, the textual faction was just at thebegining; The mid-Qing Dynasty (Yongzheng–Jiaqing) and the late Qing dynasty (Daoguang-Xuantong), the textual faction became the mainstream in the research of Shih chi textual research,and theliterature faction relatively dim. However, the revehistorique faction was never thriving, always been weak,showing the weakness of this study in all Qing dynasty.