An Exploration On Tourism Of Scholar-officials In Wei-Jin And Southern Dynasties

Wei-Jin and Southern dynasties were full of wars、nationality divisions and conflicts. life can not be guaranteed and suffered pains. Metaphysics rose and the Confucianism lost its orthodox position the Confucian-influenced ancient scholar-officials began looking for new values and gradually got rid of the shackles of Confucian utilitarianism. They turned their attention to Lao-tzu and respected for nature. What’s more, the prevalence of Buddhism and Taoism, both of them claimed that people can be immortal as long as on the guidance of the fairy people, who lived in the well-known mountains and rivers. It provided a spiritual support for the scholar-officials’s love of nature.They viewed the natural landscape as partners and enjoyed and relaxed in it all day, to distract from the wrong and anguish in life and obtain the personal independence and mental and physical freedom. Among swimming the landscape, they felt the aura of the mountains and rivers to dilute the worldly polluted vulgar, but also to understand and appreciate the great spirit of the well-known mountains and rivers in the release of mood. They bulit the theme of "excess" beauty of Personality. On the series of guiding ideology, they had launched an unprecedented tourism activities, which making the vitality sadly of the tourism is suddenly full of unusual brilliance, and became an important turning point in the history of China’s tourism. It is due to the rose of the landscape for tourism activities, the landscape aesthetic consciousness awakening, and gradually broken away from the Confucian "gentlemen said" utilitarian aesthetic, and become the core of the idea of Classical Aesthetics. The scholar-officials recognized the natural, Natural beauty to be found and appeared in various fields, so the landscape poetry、 landscape painting from the subordinate position toward independence, the art of calligraphy showed a new look, the natural landscape had began to enter the private gardens, and the private gardens became the mainstream of the Chinese Classical Gardens.