The Research On Book Of Songs’ Verb Grammar

The Book of Songs is the first anthology of songs in China, who not only implicates the incipient symbol passwords of Chinese culture but also bears the expression of the ancients’ initial motivations and feelings. It is inevitable to study The Book of Songs on the way to do research on Pre-Qin monographic syntax and to build the history of primitive times.Among various kinds of words verb is the key point in the study of syntax. In this paper, an exhaustive, quantitative, and qualitative method is performed from the point of syntax analysis.First, by quantitative statistics about the verbs in The Book of Songs, the ratio of verbs in the book is calculated. Then this paper performs a detailed description from the point of morphology and sentence structure.Morphology consists of classification of words and word-building. According to specific language in The Book of Songs, verbs consists of8classes including direction verb, existential verb, judgment verb, optative verb, psych verb, imperative verbs, like-like verbs, action verb, and tremolo verbs consists of single morpheme verbs which are binding words consisting of alliteration, repeated-rhythm, and alliterating repeated-rhythm and compound verbs which consist of the associative pattern, the verb object pattern, the attributive pattern and the supplement pattern.Syntax consists of relationship between verbs and other compositions and verbs’ position in a sentence. Based on specific syntax description about the above8classes of verbs, the first one summarizes the sentence characteristics of The Book of Songs and divides them into6classes, namely, verb-predicate structure, single-objective structure, double-objective structure, serial-verb structure, compound sentence and pivotal sentence. The second one mainly talks about verbs position in a sentence which is classified as5aspects, namely, predicate, attribute, adverbial, subject and object.By the descripsion of morphology and syntax,we reach conclusion of three feature.First,the main constitute of Book of Song’s verb is monosyllabic verb,and the main constitute of monosyllabic is rolling word.Second,the verb’s syntax function has quite complete, double object composition is the mainstream.Third, reduplication verb and parallel structure is the main feature for Book of song’s poetic language...