| The general area of Xinjiang is about1,600,000square kilometers, which is nearly1/6of the whole country. In China it is the biggest administrative district which contains various ethnics, broad land and abundant sources. It has been called a bridge between the continents of Europe and Asia,is China’s frontier.While during the period of Republic of China, the central government has little energy to take care of it for the frequent alteration and unstable political environment. Therefore the economics and culture of Xinjiang was messed up and backward.About1937, i.e. the Anti-Japanese War, Sheng Shicai built up the anti-Japanese national united front and invited a lot of Chinese Communists and progressives to work in Xinjiang. Under the instruction and quantity of works of communists the economic construction in this place made achievements and development, which has made a solid economic foundation for making sure the international channel impeded and constructing a stable backup.After the outbreak of the Anti-Japanese War, Xinjiang become China’s important rear base and the international channel because of its geographical advantage. After the September18th incident in1931,the Japanese invaders occupied a lot of north, east, south and middle territory of China. Xianjiang is one of the few provinces which fortunately escaped from intrusion. Far away from the front line, that can play a role. With the Japan invaded China’s vast territory. The outbreak of the Anti-Japanese War, the status of Xinjiang in the war is becoming more and more important, from a backward minority areas become a comparatively safe backup to support our resistance front line on politics, economy and culture.In addition, Xinjiang is located in north-west of China, neighboring with the former Soviet Union.In1937, The Soviet union at the request of the Chinese government, support China, with a large number of weapons, supplies, medicines, voluntary aviation player, the Soviet military advisors, etc into China continuously.At this time,China’s important port of successive fall,including in the northeast, north, central and southern,even the maritime transport is cut off. After the British signed an agreement on the blockade Burma road international aid supplies can only through the Xinjiang into China. So its strategic position appear more important,from a remote desert land become international transportation position is to connect the international society and our resistance front line.With the Anti-Japanese National Salvation movements development the donation movements in Xinjiang is rising,and always throughout the Anti-Japanese War.In1937Japan committed the invasion war to China. At that time the whole Chinese nation had to face a critical moment of die or live. After the put forward of communists people of different ethnics in Xinjiang united together. They responded the call of national united front actively by spreading the thoughts of revolting Japanese invaders and saving the nation, mobilizing all of the classes to donate, by which they supported the front line strongly. At that time the most important slogan in Xinjiang is like this:"All the ethnics unite equally and beat down the Japanese imperialism!" It began from the donation for Suiyuan Resistance War in the winter of1936, after ward there came the Raising Winter Cloth Movement in1938, the Culture USO for the Army Movement in Oct.1942, the Shoes&Socks USO for the Army Movement in April,1943, and Donated aircraft movement in Sept.1943.This donation movements lasted for nearly eight years.The present author takes the donation for Suiyuan Resistance War in the winter of1936as a prelude of the general donation movements, and the Culture USO for the Army Movement in Oct.1942as the climax. In the whole movements, the donation movements in Xinjiang present a feature of focusing on publication donation and new stage drama donation. The time span is large, the ways of donation are various and abundant. In addition, we also attempt to find out the features of donation movements in Xinjiang from the perspective of minority, therefore make a comparative study.Singing and dancing, as the unique ethnic talent, plus the organization and leading of communists, which cultivate a unique resistance art in Xinjiang and therefore leading a special result.The whole donation movements got about50,000,000yuan and quantity of materials. In this thesis we present the historical materials by order. At the same time, there are also some problems during the process of the donation. In the present thesis we put it into the general social background to discuss it, in hope of understanding them comprehensively and objectively, therefore giving some targeted suggestions.The whole thesis may be divided into three sections:introduction, main body and conclusion.In the introduction, the reason for theme selection, the implication, the study situation in recent years and study methodology are illustrated. The main body is divided into4parts:Chapter1. In this chapter the strategic status of Xinjiang are illustrated. In a grand background we try to analyze the forming and importance of this status, then follow the illustration on the economic situation before and during the war, also the forming and features of the anti-Japanese national united front.Chapter2. we illustrate the process of the donation for Suiyuan Resistance War in the winter of1936, and take it as a prelude to present the concrete situation of donation in Xinjiang. Also the main reasons influencing the development of the donations are analyzed.Chapter3. we illustrate the main forms and groups of donation in Xinjiang, and compare them with the donation movements in other provinces. To show that the characteristics and effects of anti-japanese donation in Xinjiang, highlighted the role of the Communist party of China.Chapter4. we illustrate the main achievements and some problems existing in the movements. By discussing the achievements and meanings, analyzing the drawbacks, we hope that a comprehensive and thorough understanding may be achieved. |
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