3 D Seismic Observation System Assessment And Snr Estimation

Nowadays, with the complexity of the geological conditions and the concealment of the structural traps, oil and gas exploration is facing a serious test. Three-dimensional seismic exploration is able to acquire the information of the geological target stratum, which contributes to the accurate imaging of the structure and rock anisotropic analysis, therefore it is widely used in oil industry.During seismic exploration, the quality of the acquired data directly affects the reliability of the processing and interpretation, the higher the Signal to Noise Ratio of the seismic data is, the better the quality is, and the result is more credible; Thereby reasonable three-dimensional observation system evaluation and SNR estimation is propitious to improve the quality of the seismic acquisition data, which makes a significant issue today.First of all, the article starts at the CRP bin properties analysis, at the base of illumination we create geological models and simulate, then for the principle of highest efficiency, maximize in the stratum energy and uniformity of azimuth and offset in the target stratum, propose evaluation method and objective function, then quantitatively evaluate the energy value, azimuth and offset uniformity of the CRP bins. In this way, the experiment on complex mountainous area in Tarim shows a good result, therefore this evaluation provides a new method and means for the complex area.Secondly, this dissertation describes SNR estimation theory, and by creating models and numerical simulation, we chooses superposition method, cross-correlation method and power spectrum method to implement SNR estimation; Then, discusses the results in different random noises, different time window sizes and different wavelet frequencies, furthermore analyzes the scope and sources of error in various estimation ways, finally those SNR estimation methods supply a guideline to the actual work.