Luminol - N - Butyl Bromide Generation Diimide - Gold Nanoparticles Chemiluminescence System Analysis Applied Research

Recent years, the application of nanomaterials in Chemiluminescence (CL) analysis has attracted more and more attention. Nanomaterials can greatly amplify the CL signal, improve the sensitivity and the stability of the CL detection.The application of nanomaterials in the luminol chemiluminescence system have been summarized. The CL behavior of gold nanoparticles in the luminol-N-bromosuccinimide system have been investigated for the determination of timolol maleate, trimetazidine hydrochloride, and fenfluramine hydrochloride. The possible mechanism of CL reactions were discussed.Part one. A new CL method combined with flow injection technique was developed for the determination of timolol maleate. The CL produced in the reaction of luminol with N-bromosuccinimide in an alkaline condition was found to enhance in presence of gold nanoparticles. The CL intensity was furtherly enhanced significantly when timolol maleate was also presented in the reaction system. But timolol maleate alone inhibited the CL signal arising from luminol-N-bromosuccinimide reaction slightly. Under the selected experimental conditions, the relative CL intensity was linear with the concentration of timolol maleate in the range of1.0×10-8-5.0×10-6g/mL with a detection limit of7.6×10-9g/mL. The relative standard deviations for11repeated measurements of1.0×10-7g/mL timolol maleate solution was2.7%. This proposed method was applied to the determination of timolol maleate in eye drops and urine. The possible CL reaction mechanism was discussed.Part two. It was found that gold nanoparticles could enhance the CL signal of the luminol-N-bromosuccinimide system. The CL signal could be furtherly enhanced by trimetazidine dihydrochloride remarkably. Trimetazidine dihydrochloride alone inhibited the CL signal arising from luminol-N-bromosuccinimide reaction slightly. Based on these observations, a new flow injection CL method was established for the determination of trimetazidine dihydrochloride. Under the selected experimental conditions, the enhanced CL intensity was linear with the concentration of trimetazidine dihydrochloride in the range of1.0×10-8-5.0×10-6g/mL. The detection limit was6.7×10-9g/mL and the relative standard was2.8%(1.0×10-7g/mL trimetazidine dihydrochloride solution, n=11). The proposed method was applied to the determination of trimetazidine dihydrochloride in tablets and in serum samples. A possible CL reaction mechanism was presented.Part three. The CL generated in the reaction of alkaline luminol with N-bromosuccinimide was enhanced by gold nanoparticles. The CL signal was furtherly increased by fenfluramine hydrochloride. But the CL signal from luminol-N-bromosuccinimide reaction was inhibited by fenfluramine hydrochloride alone slightly. Based on these facts, a flow injection CL method was developed for the determination of fenfluramine hydrochloride. Under the selected experimental conditions, the relative CL intensity was proportional to the concentration of fenfluramine hydrochloride in the range from5.0×10-9to3.0×10-6g/mL. The detection limit was3.8×10-9g/mL and the relative standard deviations for11repeated measurements of1.0×10-7g/mL fenfluramine hydrochloride solution was2.5%. The proposed method was applied to the determination of fenfluramine hydrochloride in spiked urine and the recoveries were in the range of96.0-101.6%. A discussion on the possible CL reaction mechanism was carried out.