Yemen Unified Historical Investigation Of The Problem

This thesis, which is around the ups and downs of the historical process of Yemen andinternal and external situation in chronological order, makes a study of Y’emens reunificationthrough combing and analyzing the important historical events in20,h-century Yemen.As an ancient civilization in Arabia, Yemen had a glorious history, but also had suffered fromthe invasion of foreign enemies and the feudal separatism of sectarian tribes for a long time. TheBritish troops invaded South Yemen in1839and the Ottoman empires invaded North Yemen in1840,hs for the second times after its first invasion in16century, then Yemen was divided into twoparts. In1918, North Yemen won its independence with the extinction of the Ottoman empires andthe kingdoms of AI-mutawaKiely was founded. The Imam Yahya of the kingdoms sought tocomplete Yemen’s reunification. However, The Imam Government failed because of its historicallimitations. In1960s，new round of process of reunification began after new regimes established inboth North and South. Atfer a tortuous course, Yemen gained its reunification in1990. But afterreuniifcation，a series of old and new problems made a lot of trouble to the building of nation-stateof modern Yemen,Several questions will be discusscd in this thesis:1, why the Imams failed to complete thereunification;2, what are the obstructive and the promotional factors to the reunification atfer theestablishment of new regimes in north and south in1960s;3, What challenges were caused by theold and new problems after reunification and how to deal with these challenges. The author’spoints of view are as follows:First, although the Imam Government was committed to recover South Yemen from Britain,however, this kind of reunification is built on the basis of maintenance of ImarrTs rule. In addition,the Imam stubbornly persisted in the closed-door and sectarian policies, which made Notrh Yemena very backward state. So the Imam government not only failed to complete the reunification, butalso an obstacle to the reunification.Second, in1960s，the people in South Yeinen and North Yemen respectively overthrew therule of British colonists and the rule of Imam while new republicans were founded. At this time,new round of reunification process began. From the negative aspects, the reunification processseemed very hard because of the obstruction of the superpowers and regional powers outside and tribes and sectarian inside; from the positive aspects, Both North Yemen and South Yemenbelonged to one country originally. In1990, Yemen got reunification under the impetus of newglobal and domestic situation.Third, the building of nation-state of Yemen was still far from completed. Firstly, in theprocess of Yemen’s reunification, the tribal forces had become more and more powerful and thecentral government lacked a strong authoirty; Secondly, the barrier which was caused by divisionand different model of social development can hardly eliminate in a short time; Furthermore, as anagricultural country, also without advantage of energy sources like other Arab countries, Yemenhad been involved Into severe challenges while Yemen’s economy couldn’t be improved at once.Thus, these situations made Yemen a country that provided soil for the terrorist activities. SoYemen has to solve these problems step by step to finish the building of the nation-state.