Research On Democratic Consolidation During The Transition Of Poland

It is not a rule that once authoritarian regime and totalitarian regime collapse, liberal democracy will be surely established. Only after constant testing and adjustment, having some political, economic and cultural conditions the consolidation of new democracy could be realized. Choosing Poland political transition as study object, this paper attempts to explore those issues that socialist countries met during their transformation. Democracy consolidation (of new democracy countries) in this paper means the realization processes of new democratic system institutionalization and legalization by all means from establishment to consolidation of democracy after authoritarian regime collapse. After these processes, it shows that instead of being replaced by any other alternative system, by dealing with and solving those conflicts, challenges and crisis within the system democracy is able to survive. Most people believe that the best ways to manage collective life are adopting democracy procedures and system.There are so many factors that make it possible for Poland to release the bonds of traditional economic structure successfully and set up legalized and liberalized market economy rapidly, such as, its traditional market economy culture, profound influence from western ideology, strong nationalism of resisting in-equal system, best wishes to join the EU, reforming elite synchronically, quite good policy design as well as aids from American and other European countries, and so forth. Prior to economy, political democracy makes it possible that privatization is relatively fair and less bad effect of reform by providing each political party opportunity to share gains and avoid risk from the reform. To a certain extent, political liberation has defused some discontent and complaints about economy reform. And in return, after brief recession, Poland economy recovers and grows rapidly and social welfare ascents, making democracy performance more legal, which achieving a positive interaction between market economy and democratic politics. Electoral democracy is just one essential condition of liberal democracy. And liberal democracy requires to be guaranteed by a series of regulations, such as well-designed constitution, strong and independent judicial authority, sound party system, rational civil society and so on. At its initial stage of political democracy, Poland is confronted with many problems, like unharmonious operation between executive and legislative power, mixed and nonprofessional parties and their disunity as well as unbalanced proportional representation system. After a certain period of adjustment and improvement, Democratic Mechanism tends to be more institutionalized and legalized.Institutional consolidation doesn’t standard for ideological consolidation. Therefore, in order to consolidate it, democracy value and culture must be rooted on social level, making it as a normal way of life. Historical democratic culture tradition, democratic training, socialist diversity in communist times, the synchronicity attitude towards democracy between political elites and political parties and well-developed civil society are all positive elements for democracy consolidation in Poland.