The Impact Of The Weak Collective Economy On The Operation Of The Villagers’Self-Government

The economic base determines the superstructure, and politics is the concentrated expression of economics. Under the new rural governance structure-" Township government and villagers’self-government ", the state closes its regime to villages, while implements villagers’self-government in the country. That’s to say, in the rural areas, the villagers should manage the public affairs and public service which are related with their self-interest, which can translate the villagers’ self-management, self-education and self-service objectives into reality.Under the system of villagers’ self-government, the village becomes a relatively independent community, which requires it to maintain its order independently, manage the village’s affairs and provide community services by itself. The operation of the villagers’ self-government is inseparable from the necessary economic support. The village organization manages the public affairs from which all the villagers can benefit, so the village public finance should burden the operating costs. However, in the process of the "de-collectivization" of rural economic reform, a part of villages’weak collective economy is unable to provide solid financial support for the operation of the villagers’ self-government, which has a multi-faceted and deep-seated impact on the villagers’self-management, self-education and self-service. This article takes Shang Village as a case, and examines the impact of the weak collective economy on the operation of the villagers’ self-government.The article is divided into six parts:Part One introduces the research background and significance, research methodology, overview of Shang Village, a brief review of the definition and analysis of the core concepts and related researches.Part Two is about the village’s collective economic evolution since the founding of our state. It examines the changing process of the village collective economy of Shang Village by analyzing the collective fixed assets, the collective accumulation and collective income. Through the comparison of the village’s collective economic development before and after the household contract responsibility system, Shang Village’s collective fixed assets are declining and the collective revenue streams are shrinking, which means the collective resources of the village organization are declining.Part Three introduces the impact of the weak collective economy on villagers’ self-management. According to the survey, in the background of the collective economy’s weakness, the operation of the villagers’ self-management can’t get the strong support from village’s public finance. In order to carry out the necessary activities, the village organizations try to get financial support from the local government. Local government intervenes into the activities of village governance by the financial support, and villagers’ self-management may change into administration. At the same time, the village organizations try to seek the financial assistance from the new civil-rich groups, thus forming the phenomenon of "capital changing into political power". In the case of the weak collective economy, the wealthy people have more opportunities to intervene even manage village governance, so villagers’ self-management changes into capable governance.Part Four presents the restriction of the weak collective economy on villagers’ self-education. At present, the rural society is in the process of economic and social transformation, the needs of villagers’self-education grow quickly, especially in legal education, democratic awareness, training of non-farm culture and technology, the construction of spiritual and cultural life, cultural identity education. All of these educational activities need to have some economic support. Because the collective economy is weak, villagers’ self-education falls into a weak state, especially the village organizations are unable to carry out effective community education activities.Part Five comes to the clamping effect of the weak collective economy on villagers’ self-service. Along with the development of rural production and the improving of lives, villagers’ surviving rationality has developed into development rationality, so the villagers put forward much more demand for social services. In the context of villagers’ self-government, the village organizations should provide a variety of community services, especially in agricultural technical services, health services, the aged services, infrastructure construction and so on. But because of the weak collective economy, the village organizations are unable to provide appropriate services, resulting in the lack of self-service.Part Six is about discussion and thinking. The collective economy is an important financial support of the villagers’ self-government. The villages which have weak collective economy, such as Shang Village, should explore new financial support mechanism for the villagers’ self-government actively. On one hand, they should explore feasible paths to breakthrough weak collective economic plight actively; on the other hand, they should try their best to broaden the financial resources, explore the mechanisms of the diverse financial support of the villagers’ self-government.