| Nowadays, the improvement of economic openness and the accelerated process of global integration lead to an increasingly competition between countries, therefore it is the inevitable choice that countries should rely on technological progress and independent innovation to promote economic development and to enhance the comprehensive national strength. Since the reform and opening up, the economic development speed of China has attracted many attentions. In recent years, the growth rate of gross domestic product (GDP) is more stable, and China has entered a new period of rapid economic growth driven by technological innovation. During the period of "Eleventh Five-Year", it puts forward the requirements of reducing unit energy consumption in GDP growth process and transforming the way of economic development,and in the "Twelfth Five-Year Plan"it raises the request of adhering to scientific development,driving economic growth by technological progress and innovation,in order to give full play to the role make full use of the scientific and technological productive forces and human resources and finally achieve the goal of building "innovative country".The innovation process that is the process to carry out the research and development (Hereinafter referred to as R&D) activities. Under the guidance of the national strategic principle,the awareness of independent innovation of the government, enterprises and research institutes ceaselessly strengthen, meanwhile the input of research and development significantly increases year by year,there is no doubt that a large number of science and technology input can obviously promote China’s economic development. However science and technology innovation of our country starts later and the foundation devoted is inadequate,so the science and technology progress contribution rate is relatively low and exists hysteresis effect, also the regional differences are quite obvious. Thus, it needs comprehensive and in-depth analysis of the current situation of R&D input of China as well as the long-run effect and short-run effect of R&D input to economic growth in various regions. Thus formulate innovation strategies which suiting China’s national conditions and regional characteristics by seeking the advantages and disadvantages during the progress of our country science and technology process.The main research content of this article is as below:Firstly, using the panel unit root test and the co-integration test, we validate the stationary and co-integration relationship of variable quantities. The result shows that it exist long-term stable co-integration relationship between R&D expenditure input and R&D personnel inputs with economic growth.Secondly, we did an analysis on the long-run elasticity and regional differences of the two R&D input factors to economic growth by estimating the panel co-integration model of the R&D expenditure inputs and R&D personnel inputs to economic growth. The result shows that the R&D input obviously promotes the economic growth, and the input-output elasticity of R&D personnel is higher than that of R&D expenditure. As to the input-output elasticity of two R&D input factors:the two in Shanxi, Beijing, Sichuan and Jilin are both very high; while those in Zhejiang and Xinjiang are both low; as to the input-output elasticity in other provinces,it shows the characteristics that one is high and the other is low.Thirdly, according to the residual sequence generated by the long-run equilibrium relationship model of R&D inputs to economic growth, we estimate the effect of the short-term fluctuation of R&D input on the short-term fluctuation of economic growth as well as the regional differences based on the panel error correction model (PVECM). The result shows that the former has a positive effect to the latter, but the contributions of R&D expenditure and R&D personnel inputs to economic growth in short-term is lower than that in long-term, so it has significant lagged effect. |
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