A Comparative Study On Land Reform Of Chinese Mainland In New Century And Taiwan’s Second Land Reform

The land is a fundamental factor without which the farmer cannot live, andit is also the key point of agriculture development. The rural land system is notonly related to the modernization construction in agriculture and countryside,but also related to comprehensive and concerted development of society andeconomy. So the land system reform is of great significance. Although Chinesemainland and Taiwan’s political system is different, the rural land reformbackground and content in two areas is still comparable. This paper mainlydiscusses the similarities and differences between the fifth land reform inChinese mainland and the second land reform in Taiwan.In land reform background, Taiwan and Chinese mainland are faced withthe same problem of agricultural development lagging behind the developmentof the other areas of economy. The traditional peasant economy system is hardto realize the agricultural mechanization and scale management, which willlead to the farmer income is low. Because they go out to work, the land is notprospering. In addition, because of ignoring the cultivated land protection inagricultural production and the reckless expansion of industry and commerce, alot of cultivated lands degenerate and disappear. Of course, the land reform in Chinese mainland is still faced with some special problems, such as indistinctland property rights system, imperfect transfer mechanism and so on. In thecontent of land reform, because economic system and agricultural developmentsituation in Taiwan and Chinese mainland is different, the reform measures willalso be different. The land contracting relationship based on household contractwill not changed in Chinese mainland, while redistribution of land anddeveloping agricultural cooperative organizations will be conducted in Taiwan.But in the land reform principle, realizing agricultural scale management andstrengthening the cultivated land protection policy are put forward commonlyin Chinese mainland and Taiwan.After reform, the redistribution process of cultivated land speed up inTaiwan. The agricultural mechanization is basically realized, and a variety ofagricultural cooperation modes also appear. Because land reform in Chinesemainland has just started soon, the achievement is limited. Because of this, weshould learn experiences in the second land reform in Taiwan. The land reformplan should be made according to the change of economic and social situation,respecting objective law and progressing step by step. The government shouldstrengthen the management of land circulation, improving and standardizingthe land circulation management mechanism and land circulation market,giving policy support and solving the problem of financial difficulties in landcirculation process. Pay attention to developing agricultural cooperationorganization, supporting and guiding farmers to establish cooperation organization with voluntary principle. In order to realize the agricultural scalemanagement, the government should give enough financial, science andtechnology support, improve the internal organization management and publishrelevant legal measures to protect their legal rights. According to practicalsituation, the limited cultivated land resources are protected by division, andland use changing should be strictly examined. In the promulgation andimplementation of various land reform policies, relevant laws should beformulated as security measures. The legal provisions should be modified bypractical situation, avoiding the problem of difficult to operate and no laws toabide by, strengthening the authority and seriousness of land reform. In short,through summing up land reform experiences and lessons in Taiwan, this paperhopes to provide experience and enlightenment for the ongoing fifth landreform in Chinese mainland.