The Evolution Of Trade Protection Policy Since The 20th Century In The United States And The Impact On The Sino-us Trade

Since there was international trade, the debate between free trade and protectivetrade run through the process of the development of the theory of international trade.Most economists are in favor of the theory of free trade, and all the major economiesagree on implementation of free trade. However, in reality, neither one country usesthe pure free trade policy in their trade policies, which will more or less reflect thethought of trade protectionism. The development of protective trade benefited fromthe continuous development of trade protection theory. Based on most scholars’research results, trade protection theory, which took the1970’s as a dividing line, wasdivided into old trade protection theory and new trade protection theory.With the development of economic integration and globalization, the economicinterests of all countries in the world have been linked closely together, but thereexists many contradictions and conflicts behind these economic interests. In today’sworld, Sino-American economic and trade relations have already become one of themost important bilateral trade relations. After reform and opening-up, we increase theexchanges with other countries, especially American. An data from commercedepartment shows that China and the US are now each other’s second largest tradingparter. By2011, bilateral trade volume between the two countries has reached446.7billion dollars, which is180times of the number when they established diplomaticrelations. For11consecutive years China has become the fastest growing exportmarket in the United States. As China’s trade deficit with America has been rising,trade frictions between them is increasing. Especially, since the financial crisis in2008erupted, trade protection of U.S. to China will become more frequently, whichwill have strained economic and trade relations between China and America, andhave a bigger negative effect on the export trade and trade environment of ourcountries. Consequently, research on trade protection policies in America has a verygreat theoretical and practical significance.Most domestic scholars selected only a particular historical period to do research on trade protection policies of America. Instead, the continuous studies on a longhistorical period are less concerned. Thus, this study will help us make a morecomplete comprehension on the evolution of America trade protection policies sincethe20th century. This paper mainly used research methods of literature research, thetheory connected with the practice and combining induction with comparison, tomake objectively comments on trade protection of America, and draw inspiration onChina’s foreign trade policies.This paper is divided into six parts: The first part is introduction, whichintroduces the background, significance, current situation of the research at home andabroad, the research method and article frame; The second part is a theoreticalresearch on trade protection policies, which defines the related concepts, and thenintroduces separately the inclusive main trade protection theory in terms of traditionaltrade protection theory and new trade protection theory; The third part is theevolution of trade protection policies in America since the20thcentury, whichclassifies and sums up America trade protection policies during the20thcentury, andtakes on the process of the evolution on America trade policies;The fourth part is evaluation of America trade protection policies, which summarizesthe characteristics of evolution on America trade protection policies, and thenassesses briefly trade protection policies of America; The fifth part is the influenceand enlightenment of America trade protection policies on China-US trade, which,first introduces the current situation and problems of Sino-American economic andtrade relations, then discusses respectively the effect of America trade protectionpolicies on China-US trade, finally some suggestions of America trade protectionpolicies on China are given; The sixth part is conclusion, which makes summary onthis paper from a general point of view.