A Sociological Research Of The Practice Of Cological Policy In Rural Area

Based on a field reseafch about that the Converting cropland to forest policyimplementation process in a county in south of shaanxi，this thesis try to taking theimplementing process of coverting cropland to forest policy in the rural areas for theaxis,explore the logic of action of various interest groups in China’s present political structureand rural social structure, and their complex interaction in this process, so as to achieve thereal understanding of the national policy implementation process.In order to understand the ecological policy implementation process should answer thefollowing three questions: As a public policy of ecological policy how to be constructed?Local government is how to implement the central ecological policy? While the policy ofreturning cultivated land to forest carry out to the farmers’ life and what effect?Firstly, ecological policy come on stage is the process of " problem ". At the centralgovernment level, the deterioration of ecological environment, the change of central politicaldiscourse and the international environment movement contribute to ecological constructioncoming into the central government ’s view, become as a " problem " that has to solve as soonas possible. However, for the local government, under the guidance of the" modernization"discourse,the value of ecological construction is more prominent in the contribution to localeconomic development. So, from the beginning, this government-led ecological constructionmovement is intertwined with the central interest and local interest coordination, ecologicalbenefit and economic benefit to equal. This has become the logic starting point when ourunderstand the ecological policy implementation processTo understand the the logic of practice of local government in the implementation of thepolicy of coverting cropland to forest, we should return to the field that local governmentmust to face-------top-down pressure type of political system and bottom-up non-programmed village society. First of all, from the system design, the local government is acomponents of the state bureaucracy system, the task that superior assigns not negotiable,must be completed. But in the way of definite the central policy, the local government makethe central policy more conform to the local benefit and can be carried out smoothly inpractice. When a higher level of the power to check the work, the county level government will understand the difficulties of the rural township government, some government actionswill be taken by default or even encourage attitude, their purpose is the same.At the same time,the field that the local government has to face is also full of rural informal logic. The ruralsociety has its own " hidden text", so in order to give the farmer compensation, the townshipgovernment must give them" policy.", otherwise the farmer will feel unfair. When the cadreof towns require the cooperate of village cadres, face also played a large role. Using theseinformal logic, Cadre of towns achieve the” formal power of informal operation”.Finally, on a social policy not only to analyze how policy is being constructed, to bespecific operations, but also to understand the policy recipient--those in the grand historicalnarrative deconstructs the silent majority is how to understand the policy, this policy willbring to their production and life bring about what change. In the government-led ecologicalconstruction can be seen everywhere in the government’s" planning"," blueprint", and"design" by the government of the farmers and they did not really on ecological constructionproduce subjective conscious identity, they really care about is the forever life.