Study Of The Village-Level Collective Economy’s Management In Heilongjiang Province

The15th Party Congress mentioned that "public ownership forms can and should be various, all the modes of operation and the forms of organization that reflect the law of socialized production can be utilized boldly. The report of the Seventeenth Party Congress emphasized the important of exploring the effective realization form of the rural collective economy. The exploration which is related to the effective development of the rural collective economy is an integral and important level to explore the effective realization of the rural collective economy. Heilongjiang Province is an important grain producing areas, in which agricultural economic development is more prominent, but its relatively underdeveloped non-agricultural industries in rural areas restricts the choice of the mode of business operation of village collective economy and slow the pace of the rural collective economic development. The major grain producing areas’earning capacity of the village collective economy is largely determined by the operational mode of the rural collective resources, the single operational style lead to the narrow channels of collective income, therefore, the rural collective economic is relatively backward.The object of study in this article is the development of rural village-level collective economy in Heilongjiang. First of all, I describe the core concepts and basic theory of this study in the related literature review; then, the samples of this study conclude:the five typical villages of higher income in village collective economy and eight general villages in zhaodong city, Mudanjiang city, Shangzhi city, Harbin city in Heilongjiang province. Using these samples to analyze the present situation and the existing mode of operation of the village collective economy in Heilongjiang province, from which I can conclude the problems in the course of its business and the factors that influence the collective choice of operating modes. Finally, I propose the effective policy recommendations about promoting the transformation and the development of the village collective economy’s management in Heilongjiang province. The basic conclusions and main points of this article are as follows:(1)The modes of management of the village collective economy can be defined from two perspectives (property rights arrangements and forms of industrial organization). From the perspective of the property rights arrangements, village collective economy’s management is the collective manifestation of the relationship between property owners and operators:the mode of management of the separation of collective ownership and power of operation, such as direct management, contracting business, leasing business, joint-stock management, etc. From the perspective of forms of industrial organization, village collective economy’s mode of operation is a variety of operation and management methods taken by collective economy in the production and management activities, such as double-deck operation, famer specialized cooperatives, agriculture professional association and the like.(2) Management system of China’s rural collective economy is undergoing a series of changes, prompted the development of village collective economy’s management has been in transition. Village collective economy’s management is mainly reflected in the transformation of these three aspects:the village collective resources and the arrangement of the assets of property right system, industrial organization style and the objects and scope of business. These three aspects is in the transition from traditional to modern and comprehensive, the property rights arrangement is becoming more sophisticated, the organizational forms are more various and the business scope is becoming border.(3)The existing five operating procedure in the rural area in Heilongjiang Province are:contract leasing、village branch and professional association、village collective plus cooperatives plus famers、land shares cooperation company and village shares cooperation enterprise, the selection of all these operating procedures of collective economy are affected by the resources elements、the location、industry structure and cadre quality. Five kinds of management of village collective economy is related to operating efficiency, but it is not the decisive factor, which is reflected in:using the mode of the traditional contract lease management-collaboration business-a new type of joint-stock business,the business efficiency is increased and it promotes the effective development of collective economy. But the same mode of operation brings different profit under the different environmental conditions. This shows that promoting the effective development of village collective economy should not only focus on the transformation of operational modes, but the importance of the collective members’supervision and management in the realization of the modes of operation.(4)Management of village collective economy in china was in a sharp change, entering into a new era of property right system reformed and industrial restructuring. These changes lead to the diverse choices of the management of the village collective economy. Therefore we should adapt to this trend:first, the reform of the property right system reform and the perfection of the principal-agent system can change the situation "every has, all have none", and make full use of the chain effect of the village collective economic organizations in principal-agent relationship, speed up system innovation of village collective economic organizations, so as to enhance the collective economic performance. Secondly, we should select the industrial organization style of the village collective economy properly, and use different management in different asset properties and different areas of industry, such as business assets used in collective owned land and house property, contacted or leased operation used in the field of agriculture commodities production; professional cooperatives or professional association used in the fresh produce business(fishery, fruit and vegetable industry).and for the non-agriculture economy more developed rural areas, using collective non-agriculture land, factories and other factors for stock cooperative management.Innovation points of this study are mainly:the tentative summary of the existing modes of operating procedures of village level collective economy through the comparative research and the empirical research; The analysis of the modes’ function、 applicable conditions、the scope of the mechanism and the influencing factors. A shortcoming of this study is the sample selection has certain limitations which will affect the appropriate conclusions.