The Comparative Study Of Chinese And Japanese Government Fiscal Policy And Effect (1927-1937)

Finance, is very important to a country economy, especially for the moderneconomy, the last century30’s sweeping the global economic depression, to thecapitalist economy to hit, until Roosevelt created national intervention model ofeconomic development of the capital’s economic development, the world economywas gradually out of the great depression.The first chapter, this article first writing background, tells the story of thedomestic and foreign complex face before Inoue finance and Takahashi fiscalimplementation of Japan’s political and economic environment, the Japanese domesticeconomy has been "the outbreak of the global financial crisis seriously affected thefinancial crisis" and then in1929, Japan the unemployment rate is high, the closure ofthe factory, deflation. The article then just for the establishment of the Nanjingnational government in the economic and financial situation, the Nanjing nationalgovernment over10years of Beiyang warlords situation, form unified the country, isfacing a war-torn system of national economy, people’s living exhausted situation.This paper summarizes the main research contents of the thesis, the innovation anddeficiency of this are illustrated.The second chapter, then, the Japanese government and the Nanjing nationalgovernment fiscal policy are described, the first is the Japanese government’s Inouefinance, Inoue Junnosuke adopted a tight fiscal policy and monetary policy in time asJapan’s finance minister, from the analysis below, Inoue served as finance minister in3years in Japan, the fiscal expenditure is always maintained at a relatively low level,and is reduced year by year, and at the same time, Inoue actively promoted Japaneserelease gold export ban policy, making the world economy crisis to Japan’s economyfor the serious impact, so that the deflation effect of Japan’s economy, the more one disaster after another, at this time Inoue Junnosuke took a tighter fiscal policy, hebelieved that with the passage of time, the Japanese economy will go to get better. Butas Inoue’s assassination, began Takahashi finance, Takahashi is respected financialpolicy is completely different from Inoue Junnosuke, Takahashi said when theeconomic crunch time, the government should expand fiscal expenditure. ButTakahashi Yoshikiyoshi, the financial expenditure to expand the support most ofJapanese militarism, Takahashi served as finance minister in a few years, Japaneseeconomy appeared to improve, but the militarism is also growing, and ultimately tothe war of the road. For a few scholars carried out,"the rise of Japan--Showaeconomic history" for Inoue finance wrote "Inoue Junnosuke coding proposed by"austerity "," public debt "," lift the ban on exports of gold "as the center of the" Inouefinance "policy." A Ryu think Inoue finance is to make the "Japan’s economy back ontrack, and to rectify the fiscal and financial". In the history of the Japanese economy--"1600-2000", Kishida Ma pointed out that "up to now, the" Inoue finance "," highfinance "of the countless","Inoue finance" sequela is the serious deflationarydepression. Nanjing Kuomintang government, at the end of the Northern Warlordslong civil war, the form of the reunification of China, began to carry out themodernization process of our financial system, the central and local fiscaldecentralization, financial budget and final accounts, the abolition of the Likin tax,unified, is conducive to the development of modern capitalist industry and commerce,then implement it the customs of the independent, to recover the autonomy of tariffs,China’s financial system in the process of modernization, but also played a certainrole, but the Nanjing national government fiscal expenditure, statistical data from thepoint of view, we can see, there are a large part of military expenditure, expenditure isused. For families, education, culture, health and other aspects, the investment is alsoslightly obviously insufficient.The third chapter for Sino-Japanese two countries fiscal policy evolution history.First introduced the Inoue finance, Inoue performed no debt and fiscal tightening offiscal policy, led to the Japanese economic recession intensified. And then explainsTakahashi finance, Takahashi Yoshikiyoshi, has banned the export of gold, the implementation of a proactive fiscal policy, debt issuance policy, the Japaneseeconomy has finally started to come out of the bottom, the recovery of normaltrajectory. Then the evolution of the fiscal policy in China are described, theimplementation of the central and local budget division, central and local fiscalbudget implementation, unified tax authorities, the abolition of the Likin system, levytax system reform of goods, tax, land tax and additional rectification, to recover thetariff autonomy, has issued a lot of debt.The fourth chapter, for China and Japan’s fiscal policy effect analysis, Inouefinancial effect, then introduces the Gaoqiao financial results, then the Chinesenational government fiscal policy for the comparison between China and Japan in theeffects of fiscal policy, both countries choose the positive fiscal policy, this and theKeynes theory have agree without prior without previous consultation. Then we cansee whether Japan’s militarist government and the Nanjing national government hasan obvious characteristic, is the military expenditure occupies an extremely importantposition in the fiscal expenditure, for the two countries government livelihood issuesat home and people’s lives are less than investment. Finally, in this period of time1927-1937year, known as China’s national capitalist development of gold in ten years,though military expenditure of the Nanjing national government accounts for a largeproportion, but still has some favorable policies conducive to the development ofnational capitalism, but the Japanese at this time launched an all-out war of aggression,to block the Chinese society into a the very good opportunity, make the Chinesesociety in a turbulent period long, began the modern exploration and try again.The fifth chapter, the experiences and lessons of Japanese fiscal policy carriedout, a country’s fiscal policy must adapt with the international and domesticenvironment, a country’s fiscal policy to the development stage and the whole nationaleconomy to adapt, a country’s fiscal policy must adapt with the national developmentstrategy and the key point of development, a country’s fiscal policy must adapt andpromote national economic and social development and improve the people’s livingstandard, and summarizes their fiscal policy in Japan and lessons, sharp shift of fiscalpolicy will affect the normal social and economic development to a certain extent, fiscal policy is too biased military departments will lead to industry structuralimbalance phenomenon. Then for the Sino-Japanese two countries fiscal policyintroduced for us, a country’s financial policy must be based on the full study ofconditions, implementation and transformation of fiscal policy should adapt to thesituation, evaluation and supervision mechanism to establish fiscal policyimplementation effect.Then this article is for the Japanese government and the Nanjing nationalgovernment in1927-1937years of fiscal expenditure policy has carried oncomparative analysis to two countries, the effect of fiscal expenditure analysiscomparison.