Research On The Reconstruction Of Chinese New Type Of Rural Financial System

Agricultural and the rural economy, as an important part of our national economy, having an important influence on the consistent and rapid development of our economy. Since the reform and opening-up policy, our national economy and the rural economy have acquired enormous achievement, but there are still many difficulties facing the development of the rural area. Such questions as agricultural and rural economy have developed sluggishly in recent years, the surplus rural labor force remained high, the number of farmers that lost their lands is increasing, peasants’income increasing degree falls after rise, the income gap between city and rural areas is becoming obvious and so on have been perplexing the theory and practice circle all the time. In the author’s opinion, at present the major obstacles to the development of rural area are the sluggish development of rural economy and the slow growth of farmers’ income. Rural finance as an essential means of resource allocation,having an important influence on the development of rural economy.As a result of the imperfect of rural financial system, capital can’t realize effective allocation, making it difficult to achieve the industrialization of agriculture, restricting the growth of farmers’ income; The construction of rural unable to effectively develop, the slow process of urbanization; The lack of education opportunities, making it hard for farmers’ to improve their skills effectively, having an adverse influence on the improving of agricultural productivity and the transferring of rural surplus labor force as well as the development of rural economy. But the development of the rural economy not only depends on finance, but also influenced by human capital, technology, institution and other essential production factors. Therefore, it’s necessary to make joint efforts in order to effectively solve the problem of "agriculture, countryside and farmers", realize the development of rural economy and increase farmers’ income.This paper makes a combination of the reform of rural financial systems and coordinated development of rural finance and rural economy, investigates the present situation of the rural financial system, points out the existing problems of it, makes comprehensive analysis on the causes using the system analysis and historical analysis method; reconstructs rural financial systems in reference to the international experience, defines the function that rural finance should play according to the condition of rural economic and social environment; explores the proper rural financial organization based on the functional view; puts forward the relevant strategies from various aspects by the use of the method of system. This paper is divided into five chapters, the main contents are as follows:The first chapter is introduction. This part explicits the purpose of topic selection through the background analysis, making a review of theory about rural finance and rural economy, as well as literature on the reconstruction of rural financial system, putting forward the thoughts and methods and then determines the research content and framework as well as innovation and limitations.The second chapter makes an analysis on the present situation of the development of rural finance. This part expounds the importance of financial development to solve the problem of "agriculture, countryside and farmers", summarizes the progress of the rural financial reform, discusses the problems existing in rural financial system, and then makes comprehensive analysis on the causes from different aspects.The third chapter is international experience on the coordinated development of rural finance and rural economy. This part makes detailed introduction about other countries’practice on the coordinated development of rural finance and rural economy, such as America, Japan, India, Bangladesh and sums up the successful experience in order to provide enlightenment for the reconstruction of rural financial system and the relevant strategies.The fourth chapter is the path for the reconstruction of a new type of rural financial system. These parts analyzes the difference of rural financial demand under different economic development level based on the characteristic of rural economic and social system, and then investigates the function that rural finance should play and reconstructs rural financial system based on the functional view.The fifth chapter is the assorted strategies for the reconstruction of a new type of rural financial system, mainly including the following aspects:building a desirable macro system environment; speeding up the development of rural economy; improving the management ability of rural financial institutions; perfecting rural financial stability mechanism and so on.