Comparative Study Of The Impact On Different Basic Medical Insurance For Residents’ Medical Consumption

Since the reform and opening up, China’s medical consumption rose sharply, far more than the income growth rate."Medical treatment is difficult and expensive" is a growing problem. It has become an important factor of China’s social stability and economic development. To resolve the heavy health care burden of the residents, the Chinese government launched the urban workers’ medical insurance, a new type of rural cooperative medical insurance and urban residents medical insurance. These combine to form the basic framework of the universal basic medical insurance. There is a large difference in the payment method, government subsidies and compensation level. So, its actual operating results are certainly different. The study of impact of different medical insurance system on the resident medical consumption, is of great significance for improving the health of residents, promoting the health fair and the equalization of basic medical services, social equity, justice.This paper includes the following aspects:First, from the theoretical aspects, this article elaborated the human capital model of Grossman health needs, and pointed out that consumers purchase medical services is derived from the demand for health. Demand for medical services is a derived demand. The medical insurance system can affect the demand for medical services, thereby, affecting the medical consumption. One hand, because of the third-party payment mechanism for Medicare, it can reduce the actual medical price for patients. and the impact of medical goods prices on medical service demand to some extent reduce. It increases the level of demand for medical services, and enhances residents’ investment in the health of the individual consciousness. The other hand, medical insurance market is along with information asymmetry characteristics, which may lead to moral hazard, resulting in "excessive consumption" and "supply-induced demand phenomenon".Secondly, this article used the macro data to analyze status quo of our current health insurance system and resident medical consumption. In recent years, China’s total health expenditure and per capita health spending has increased year by year. At the same time, China’s medical insurance system reform is gradually advancing, expanding health insurance coverage. At present, China has basically formed a universal coverage of basic medical insurance system. It reduced the medical burden on residents to some extent. But, we still face a lot of problems. Medical consumption gap between urban and rural areas is large, also between of different regions. Personal medical expenditures remains high proportion of total health expenditure."Medical treatment is difficult and expensive" phenomenon is still prominent. Multivariate segmentation of the medical insurance system is neither fair nor efficiency.Again, this article used the2009China Health and Nutrition Survey micro-data and two part model and quantile regression to empirically analyze the factors of medical consumption of Chinese residents We found that differein medical insurance has different effects to resident medical consumer behavior The new type of rural cooperative medical care system can improve illness treatment probability of the residents to some extent, and other medical insurance system did not have a significant impact. The urban workers’ medical insurance significantly increase the residents’ medical consumption spending, while the new type of rural cooperative medical insurance significantly reduce the resident medical consumption spending. The impact of urban residents’ medical insurance is noticeable. So, different medical insurance systems show different impact on medical consumption spending.Finally, we proposed policy recommendations to improve China’s basic medical insurance system. The government should continue to increase the financial input of the basic medical insurance in the deepening of China’s health care reform process; optimize the current basic medical insurance system and improve the operation efficiency. The government should also promote the integration of urban and rural insurance, and gradually establish a unified universal health care system to achieve the goal of "Everyone equitably access to medical insurance"...