Building Enterprise Carbon Accounting System

With the continuous development of the socio-economic, the process ofindustrialization in various countries is accelerating, and energy demand becomes asubstantial increase. It is accompanied by the increasing accumulation of emissions ofcarbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases, which makes the growing problem ofglobal climate warming. For example, climate disasters occurrence frequently,melting glaciers contribute to sea levels rising, and PM2.5concentration is increasing.The negative impact of global warming to human beings has become an indisputablefact. At the same time, countries have strengthened many measures to face with theissue of global warming. In this context, a low-carbon economy becomes the onlyway to seek the harmonious development of the economy and the environment forcountries, which is a model of economic development with the basic characteristic of“low energy consumption, low pollution, and low emission”.As well as the convening of the Global Conference on the Environment, theprevalence of low-carbon economic development model has made the greenhouse gasemissions limited, and carbon emissions as a resource have been traded betweencountries, which give birth to an important branch of the environmental accountingnamed carbon accounting. In order to meet the needs of the carbon accounting, boththe Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) and International AccountingStandards Board (IASB) make unremitting efforts for the development of the globalcarbon accounting standards. So far, a complete set of operability relevant accountingstandards have not been worked out yet. Due to the special nature of carbon tradingand the absence of carbon accounting guidelines, there are some problems in therecognition, measurement and reporting of our current carbon accounting. Therefore,on the basis of the existing research, this article attempts to explore carbon accountingsystem suitable for the actual situation of Chinese enterprises according to the actualrequirement.This article analyzes and summarizes the current domestic and internationalliteratures on carbon accounting by standardized analysis. It introduces the content ofcarbon accounting and analyzes the necessity and importance of carbon accounting inChina. According to Stewart Jones (2008), the carbon accounting can be divided intocarbon accounting (including carbon emission trading accounting and carbonemission cost accounting) and carbon sequestration accounting. Carbon accountingbecomes the key research of this article. The recognition and measurement of carbon accounting are under the discussion by setting up account and accounting treatment.Additionally, it explores the disclosure of carbon accounting information inenterprises.