Studies On Macrofungi Diversity Of Tonghua Shihu National Forest Park In Jilin Province

Macrofungi Diversity of Shihu national forest park in Tonghua has been researched for two years from2011to October in2012and collected513specimens,240species,22species from3classes,5orders,10families,218species from3classes,11orders,40families,89genera belong to Basidiomycota. Checked the correct naming and taxonomic status according to Dictionary of Fungi(10th edition)(Kirk et al.2008) and indexfungorum, put them into order and catalogued them. All the specimens were deposited in the Herbarium of the Mycological Institute, Jilin Agricultural University (HMJAU).The7predominant families which are the cosmopolitan species were included in this area, Russulaceae was the most species which has25kinds with a total of10.3%, Agaricaceae had21kinds with a total of8.6%, Hygrophoraceae had17kinds with a total of7.0%, Marasmiaceae included17kinds with7.0%, Polyporaceae included13kinds with5.3%, Mycenaceae had11kinds with4.5%, Tricholomataceae had10kinds with4.1%.114species accounted for46.8%of the total amount of Macrofungi of Shihu national forest park in Tonghua and only for14%of the total species. The predominant families that equaled or exceeded5kinds had13which belonged to Basidiomycota, they were Russula Pers, Mycena (Pers.) Roussel, Amanita Pers, Cortinarius (Pers.) Gray, Lactarius Pers, Marasmius Fr., Lepiota (Pers.), Hygrophorus Fr., Laccaria Berk.&Broome, Entoloma (Fr.) P. Kumm, Hygrocybe (Fr.) P. Kumm., Hygrocybe (Fr.) P. Kumm., Pleurotus (Fr.) P. Kumm and Psathyrella (Fr.) Quel. There were98species which accounted for40.6%of the total amount of Macrofungi of Shihu national forest park in Tonghua and12.1%of the total families.8families were for Cosmopolitan species and the others were for North Temprate Latitudes species. The distribution characteristic of Macrofungi of Shihu national forest park in Tonghua was reflected by the above date.Macrofungi in this area generally belonged to Cosmopolitan species (D1)and North Temprate Latitudes species(D2), while the proportion of other species was small. Cosmopolitan species had119species,69genera,261specimens, the highest-level richness (R) was7.39and occupied48.9%. North Temprate Latitudes species had87species,47genera,202specimens, the abundance was6.12and occupied38.5%. The species in China and Japan belonged to32genera,37species,59specimens and occupied15.2%, the index of species richness (R) was4.81.The occurrence of different vegetation:Type Ⅰ＞Type Ⅱ=Type Ⅲ＞Type Ⅳ which showed that Macrofungi mostly happened in Type Ⅰ with the richest species and the highest occurrence rate. While the situation in Type Ⅳ was opposite.Macrofungi diversity had great difference with the change of plant community. the majority of macrofungi gradually increased from May to October, Macrofungi occurred with the elevated temperatures and increased rainfall from July to September and decreased with the decline of temperatures and rainfall.