Analysis And Optimization Of An Hydraulic Swing-type Plate Shears

Plate shears is a metal processing equipment which fractures different plates into required sizes through relative motion and reasonable clearance between the movable blade and static blade. Majority of current domestic plate shears are designed based on traditional methods, such as selecting parameters relying on the experience of the designer and accomplishing the design based on empirical data, formulas, manuals and charts, which leads to many defects and shortcomings existing in the structural design of the plate shears. According to the current situation, digital and lightweight design methods of the QC12Y-4×2500hydraulic swing-type plate shear are researched based on the analysis, experiments and optimization.Firstly, after the component and working principle of the plate shear being introduced, the mechanical parameters of the plate shear and the force condition of the frame and upper tool carrier are analyzed, which provide the data for finite element analysis of the plate shear. According to the design and calculation of the hydraulic system, the corresponding hydraulic components are determined.Secondly, the model of the frame and upper tool carrier are established. Statics analyses of the plate shear are respectively accomplished in the application of uniform load and moving load which simulates the actual shearing process. The comparison of two kinds of results indicates that the moving load mode more realistically reflects the influence of the plate shearing process on the plate shear.Based on the modal analysis of the frame, the first ten natural frequencies and corresponding modes of vibration are found out. According to the comparison of the working frequency and natural frequency, fatigue failure area of the plate shear frame is pointed out.Based on the analysis, the stress-strain tests of four different modes of plate shear frame are accomplished. The reliability of finite element method applied in plate shear structural design is verified through the contrastive analysis of the tests data and finite element calculation data.Based on the manufacturing technique constraint, topological optimization of the frame and upper tool carrier is carried out, according to which the path of force transfer and optimum material distribution of the plate shear are achieved. Combined with the foregoing statics analysis results, the improved structure design is proposed and the performance of the plate shear is improved.A novel design method of the plate shear is introduced in this paper. Through the finite element analysis, the stress-strain is significantly reduced and the mechanical performance of the plate shear is improved. The lightweight and the improvement of design efficiency provide references for the design of similar machines.