The Research On The Formation Mechanism Of Regional Ecosystem And Evaluation

After World War II, the progresses of science and technology and population growthmake the human impact on natural environment problem increasingly prominent. Due tohuman master the level of science and technology more and more high, human environmentalcapacity is becoming more and more strong, human self-centered consciousness growing,making humans began to consciously or unconsciously ignored their ecosystem for humanlife and the important roles in the development of social economy and culture. In fact, thenature of human social, economic and cultural life to create and maintain many indispensableresources and environment conditions, and provide many ecosystem services in environmentand resources. Ecosystem services research can more clearly describe the dependence onnature, people need to use this knowledge to various techniques and ways to evaluate thelong-term effects of social and economic development, in order to prevent and reduce withthe devastating economic and social activities.In this paper, starting from the sustainable development thought, based on theunderstanding of the connotation of ecosystem service function, from the perspective ofecological system, the formation mechanism of ecosystem services done theoretical research.Found that the formation of ecosystem services and ecological system of biologicalenvironment, biological environment, ecological processes and human activities haveinseparable connection, abiotic environment for ecosystem services provide the objectiveconditions, the biological environment is the main part of the ecosystem service function ofparticipants, the ecosystem service function is the expression of ecosystem processes, and theimpact of human activities on the ecosystem service function has the duality, namely,ecological management and ecological restoration and reconstruction, such as the activities ofthe positive role also has negative effects on ecosystem services such as deforestation,urbanization and industrialization, land reclamation, etc. Human through changing the earth’shabitats, the original habitat is changed or the production life waste emissions into theenvironment, and damage the ecological structure, improve material circulation rate of fossilfuels, and change the water cycle, natural distribution have inhibiting or promoting effects onecosystem services, to the extent of the ecosystem service function, scope, size plays a role. Try to describe the concept of the relationship between the four models.Formation mechanism, on the basis of research, in attempt to establish a set ofevaluation index system of regional ecosystem services, design and research based on systemengineering thought route. In combination with related research achievements of scholars,based on one thousand ecosystem assessment and Costanza classification of ecosystemservices, using the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and the expert scoring method, from thequantitative point of view as far as possible, follow the scientific, systematic, practicality andoperability, etc. In principle, selection of indicators, to build a set of accord with China’snational conditions of ecosystem service function evaluation index system. Ecosystem servicefunction evaluation system divided into excellent, good fair, poor and poor in five levels,expert scoring method is used to assign values for each grade to, concluded that ecosystemservices function score values range of [0,9]. Index system includes a target layer, foursystem layer, eight elements and14indicators layer. Evaluation system morecomprehensively and systematically reflects the regional ecological system service functions.In empirical study, using the established index system, to Shijiazhuang, in Hebei provinceand Beijing water source reserve three different administrative region, the evaluation ofecosystem service function obtains three regional ecosystem services function score was4.85,3.84,4.35.Due to the special function and status of water conservation, water conservation invarious functional score were higher than other two, embodies the regional characteristics ofprotected areas, conform to the actual regional ecological situation. Picked on time scales ofHebei province in2006,2008and2010, three years of data, calculation and analysis, theecosystem service function in Hebei province in2008, the highest scores overall ecosystemservices showed a trend of improvement in the Hebei province. Verify the validity of theestablished evaluation system, scientific and operability.This article research results in order to establish a unified, scientific evaluation ofecosystem services provided the help system, Expect to build a evaluation system to make theecosystem services comparable internal of the region. For the future, provides a simple andfast method about ecosystem services evaluation, also to maintain the ecosystem health and ecological sustainable development system, provides the important means of monitoring andevaluation.