Analysis Of The Present Situation Of Heavy Metals In Atmospheric Aerosols PM_2.5 In Taiyuan City

That analysis from Taiyuan city in recent years of ambient air quality monitoring results, Taiyuan city environmental air quality has been showing signs of gradually improving, especially in recent years, with the continuous improvement of living standards, the pursuit of high standard and high quality living environment growing, urban residents environmental awareness enhancement. But as the atmospheric particulate pollution levels of PM2.5one of the main pollutants in ambient air quality of Taiyuan city is still serious exceed the standard. PM2.5in atmospheric particulate heavy metals because of its non-degradable persistence, produced through the food chain bioaccumulation and toxicity of heavy metals has itself is concerned, has been one of the hot research topic in the fields of environmental science. This paper based on the atmospheric particulates in Taiyuan city PM2.5concentration and F-, Cl-, NO3-, SO42-, Na+, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+, NH4+9kind of water soluble ions and Pb, Zn, Cd, Cr, analysis of total Cu of five kinds of heavy metal elements, change rule of law and mass concentration distribution of atmospheric particulates in Taiyuan city PM2.5time were obtained; based on the atmospheric particulates in Taiyuan city PM2.5Pb, Zn, Cu analysis of3kinds of heavy metal enrichment factor. To provide the basis of scientific theory and technical support for air pollution control work of these research results can be used for the city of Taiyuan. Specific conclusions are as follows:(1) By monitoring the concentration of atmospheric particulates in Taiyuan city PM2.5, the heating period of atmospheric particulate matter PM2.5plateau non-heating period of atmospheric particulate matter PM2.5, monitoring during the mass concentration of PM2.5pollution of atmospheric particles in Taiyuan city severely exceed the standard, the concentration in the range of0.060-0.580mg/m3. From the average diurnal atmospheric particulate concentration, the PM2.5particle mass concentration is higher than that of the night PM2.5atmospheric particulate mass concentrations of atmospheric particulates, which the PM2.5concentration is higher than the night of atmospheric particulate matter concentration of PM2.5for37days, accounting for57.8%per cent. Whether it is day or night airborne fine particulate matter concentrations of PM2.5average concentration is higher than PM2.5two national standard limit value even higher than the limit of PM10two national standard concentration, and severely exceed the standard.(2) water-soluble ions were determined by an ion chromatography. The results showed that, the water soluble anion average concentration ascending order F-<NO3-<CL-<SO42-,the concentration of that is1.84μg/m3、11.89μg/m3,13.63μg/m3、35.66μg/m3; the water soluble cationic average concentration ascending order Mg2+<Na+<K+<Ca2+<NH4+, the concentration of that is0.38μg/m3,1.35μg/m3、2.04μg/m3、5.23μg/m3、17.39μg/m3. SO42-、NH4+and NO3-were major species in water-soluble ions with mass percentage of10.70%、5.30%、3.67%; The ions balance between total cations and total anions showed airborne PM2.5at Taiyuan was just a little acid, which was consistent with the results of pH measurement. The concentration mean ratio of NO3-/SO42-was0.34, less than1, which represent the source of atmospheric pollutant in Taiyuan City was mainly the stationary source and consistent with the sampling point location.(3) Based on the collected samples of Pb, Zn, Cd, Cr, total Cu of five kinds of heavy metal elements analysis showed that, the content of3elements in atmospheric particulates in heating period in PM2.5Cr, Cu, Pb higher than the content in the non-heating period of atmospheric particles in PM2.5. Using the method of factor analysis to Cr for the analysis and reference elements of Cu, Pb, Zn element enrichment factor, results showed enrichment factor Pb elements significantly greater than1, shows that the atmospheric particles by PM2.5enrichment, and the enrichment factor of Cu and Zn slightly greater than1, indicating that Cu and Zn in atmospheric particles PM2.5have not been enrichment.