| Atmospheric particulates have an important effect on people's health and climate change, research scholars have been the focus of the concentration, chemical composition and sources of atmospheric particulates. In this study, the PM2.5 and PM10 samples in Urumqi and the Junggar desert ecological observation station of Changji during the different period were collected, the pollution characteristics of mass concentration and morphology were analyzed, and the concentration, seasonal variation and correlation of 9 water-soluble ions in PM2.5 and PM10 were compared, the source of water-soluble ions were resolved simultaneously during different periods of Urmqi and the station in 2015. Finally, with compared the concentrations data of atmospheric particulates between before and after Substituting Natural Gas for Coal Project, to investigate the effect of air quality in Urumqi. The paper intends to provide basic data support for the pollution problem of atmospheric particulates in Xinjiang, and also provide a theoretical basis for the prevention of atmospheric pollution. The main study results are as follows:?1? According to the secondary standard of Ambient air quality standard?GB3095-2012?, the atmospheric pollution of PM2.5 and PM10 in Urumqi during the heating period is serious. the air quality in observation station is better than this of Urumqi during the non-heating period.?2? The concentration of 9 water-soluble ions in PM2.5 and PM10 were measured by IC, ICP-OES and other related equipment. The results show that the total average mass concentrations of the 9 ions in PM2.5and PM10 in the heating period was 76.26 ± 36.15 ?g/m3 in PM2.5, and 88.94 ± 41.43 ?g/m3 in PM10,respectively. The main water-soluble ions were SO42-, NH4+, NO3- and Cl-; However, in the non-heating period, the total average mass concentration of the 9 ions was 37.62 ± 14.03 ?g/m3 in PM2.5, and 44.12 ±16.79 ?g/m3 in PM10, respectively. the main water-soluble ions were SO42-, NH4+, NO3- and Ca2+.In the non-heating period, the total average mass concentration of 9 water-soluble ions in the observation station was 19.72±5.05 ?g/m3 in PM2.5. the main water-soluble ions were SO42-?NH4+?Mg2?NO3- and Ca2+.?3? The correlation analysis of water-soluble ions in PM2.5 and PM10 were done by SPSS 20.0.NH4+?SO42-?NO3- in atmospheric particulates of Urumqi had a strong interrelationship, which indicated that the 3water-soluble ions had approximately same pollution source.?4? Through compared the concentrations data of atmospheric particulates between before and after Substituting Natural Gas for Coal Project, it showed that after the "coal to gas" project, the average mass concentration of PM2.5 and PM10 in Urumqi declined by 35% and 28%, respectively;and the average concentration of their water-soluble ions decreased by 32% and 46%, respectively, it indicated that,the "coal to gas" project to a some extent improved the air quality in Urumqi.?5? Based on Principal Component Analysis?PCA?,the source analysis of water-soluble ions in PM2.5and PM10 were done, the results showed that the main sources of air pollution in the water-soluble ions of atmospheric particulates in Urumqi is secondary pollutant, their contribution rates were greater than the combustion and industrial source, ground source and construction dust source. The main source of water-soluble ions in PM2.5 combustion sources and the mixed source of soil sources, industrial sources,traffic sources in the observations station. |
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