Experimental Study On Rotary Cathode Electrolytic Method Of Fine Copper Powder Preparation

In this paper,the electrolysis machine is designed by the author The cathodeplate of the device is a group of series type structure that can rotate, and its speed can beadjusted and controlled. In the electrolytic reaction process,the electrolysis powderdeposited can be brushed by scraping paint in time, which can prevent electrolyticpowder growing continuously on the cathode plate and achieve the fine powderThe purpose of this expeirment is to find influence law and effect mechanism ofprocess conditions based on the cathode rotating dynamic electrolysis machine,prepareing for its industiralization. This expeirment mainly study the effect of copperion concentration, hydrogen ion concentration, current density, dispersing agent（sodium six partial, twelve alkyl sodium sulfate, sodium silicate）, the cathode platespeed on the particle size of electrolytic copper powderWhen studied the effect of copper ion concentration, hydrogen ion concentrationand current density, the author designed a four level three factors orthogonal table tostudy it,and the author do the validation experiments after the orthogonal experiments.Experiments show that: the concentration of copper ion, hydrogen ion concentration,current density have great influence on the particle size of copper powder, and thehydrogen ion concentration has the greatest influence；in the range of current density,in which the copper powder can be produced,if the current density is higher, thepowder is more fine;in the range of copper ion concentration range, in which thecopper powder can be produced,if the copper ion concentration is lower, the powderis more fine.Finally the author obtained the best concentration of copper ion,hydrogen ion concentration, current density is0.08mol/L,10^-3mol/L （pH=3）,5A/dm²respectively.In this paper, the author used a single variable method to study the dispersant （sixpartial sodium phosphate, twelve alkyl sodium sulfate, sodium silicate）. The studyfound that:all the three kinds of dispersants-six partial sodium phosphate, twelve alkylsodium sulfate, sodium silicate can reduce the size of electrolytic copper powder incertain range of concentrations; when the mass fraction of dispersant sodium sixpartial is0.01%,its effect is the best; twelve alkyl sodium sulfate,0.005%, the best;silicate sodium,0.005%, the best;in the three kinds of dispersants, the effect of sixpartial sodium phosphate is the best; electrolytic copper powder without anydispersant has a tree shape, and its particle size is about1μm, while this plused0.01%six partial sodium has irregular shape, and its particle size is between20and150nm.On the cathode plate speed research, the author found that: when the cathode plated’ont rotate, the copper powder has a tree shape, and its size is relatively thick, about5μm; when the speed is3-10r/min,the electrolytic copper powder has spherical shape approximately, and its particle size is very fine, between20and50nm, and thenanometer copper powder is very pure, only a little is oxidated; when the rotationalspeed is morer than10r/min, the product is dense copper on the cathode plate.