Water Quality On-site Rapid Detection Technology Research

Water is the most common substances on the planet, is an important resource forthe survival of all life, including humans, and is also the most important part of theorganisms. Water pollution directly harm to public health safety, affect thesustainability of economic development. Especially in recent years, water pollutionenvironmental emergencies frequently occurrence, seriously affecting people’sdrinking water safety. The impact is so huge that the disposal of every emergencyevent must be quickly and properly. Environmental emergency monitoring is thefundamental basis of all events disposal, it is most critical for monitoring theconcentration of the pollutants in the bud of incidents. Thus, it has the applicationvalue extremely to develop the water quality on-site detection technology.Heavy metals are typical priority control pollutants. In recent years, heavy metalpollution frequent accidents, according to data from Ministry of environmentalprotection showed that in2009heavy metal pollution incidents resulted in4035bloodlead level exceeding182people cadmium exceeded, caused32mass incidents.Therefore, the governance and monitoring for heavy metals of water quality brook nodelay. On the other hand, ammonia nitrogen as a conventional environmentalmonitoring indicator directly reflects the severity of the water caused by organicmatter, fertilizers and industrial pollution. When there has higher ammonia nitrogen inwater, it can makes fish rendered toxic effects and also has different degrees of harmto human body. In recent years, the environmental events caused by ammonianitrogen have gradually aroused people’s concern. Such as leakage of landfill leachate,pharmaceutical companies’s illegal discharge, sewage vertical, etc., in the frequentlyoccurring dead fish event is often monitored abnormal levels of ammonia nitrogen. Inorder to faster to check its sources and to properly handle similar incidents, thesatisfactory completion of the emergency monitoring, it is an urgent need to makeimprovements and explore on the on-site analysis of ammonia nitrogen(1) A method for fast and accurate determination cadmium, arsenic, nickel inwater by anodic stripping voltammetry is presented. It shows that the standardaddition recovery rate is between80.60to117.60%, and RSD are less than10%, andthe determination of cadmium in the range of0.00125to0.040mg/L,the arsenicdetection limit of0.007mg/L, the determination range of0.03to0.14mg/L; nickeldetection limit of0.0050mg/L, the determination limit of0.020mg/L.(2) Cold vaporatomic absorption method is suitable for the rapid determination of the concentrationof mercury in water, the method detection limit of0.00002mg/L, the determinationlimit of0.00008mg/L, the determination range of0.00008to0.00030mg/L. Theanalysis of national standard error is within5%, the recovery rate within80%.(3)This article applys a small amount of the supernatant to achieve on-site rapid analysisof the ammonia concentration in water,. Experiments show that the detection limit is0.02mg/L, the determination range is0.08to2mg/L. The analysis of the nationalstandard error is within5%; compared with the standard method, the relative deviation error of the actual sample is within10%, the precision and accuracy canmeet the needs of surface water ammonia concentration and rapid quantitativedetection. Compared with the standard method, it, makes the analysis the occasionmore flexible and accuracy, as not need to be filtered and the greatly shorten analysistime. The method provides a new way to emergency monitoring of environmentalemergencies.